fa اثربخشی تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه‌ای جریان متناوب بر بازداری پاسخ و توجه انتخابی ورزشکاران بیش‌فعال/نقص‌توجه روانپزشکی psychology پژوهشي اصیل Original Atricle <h4 dir="RTL" style="margin-left:-6px; margin-right:34px; text-align:justify; text-indent:-25.5pt"><span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">چکیده</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">:</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h4> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> اختلال بیش فعالی همراه با نقص توجه در ورزشکاران بسیار شایع است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی تحریک الکتریکی فرا جمجمه‌ای جریان متناوب</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">tACS</span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) بر بازداری</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پاسخ</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و توجه انتخابی ورزشکاران بیش</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">&shy;</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فعال/نقص</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">&shy;</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توجه </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بود</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش&shy;ها:</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> روش این پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح&nbsp; پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل و جامعه آماری آن 160 ورزشکار بیش‌فعال/نقص‌توجه 9&nbsp; تا 11 سال (60 دختر&nbsp; و 100 پسر) بود و از این تعداد 120 ورزشکار بیش‌فعال/نقص&shy;توجه به شکل تصادفی انتخاب‌ و &nbsp;در سه گروه 40 نفری کنترل، شم و </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحریک الکتریکی<b> </b>فرا جمجمه‌ای جریان متناوب</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گمارده شدند. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ابتدا پیش‌آزمون گرفته و سپس همه آزمودنی‌های گروه‌های شم و آزمایش، به ترتیب تحریکات ساختگی و واقعی آندی در </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">3</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">F</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و کاتدی در 4</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">F</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با جریان 1 میلی‌آمپر</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(10 هرتز) </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;را به مدت 15 دقیقه در 10 جلسه دریافت کردند و گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله&shy;ای دریافت نکرد </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بعدازآن هر گروه به‌طور مجدد موردبررسی و پس از </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دو هفته</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> آزمون پیگیری صورت گرفت. در این پژوهش از آزمون عملکرد پیوسته</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و استروپ استفاده شد. &nbsp;برای تحلیل داده&shy;ها به شیوه تحلیل واریانس مرکب، تحلیل واریانس یک راهه و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">Spss </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;نسخه 21 استفاده شد(05/0</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span majalla="" sakkal="" style="font-family:">&ge;</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">p</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">).</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ملاحظات اخلاقی</span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">:</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> این طرح تحقیقاتی در پژوهشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی با کد اخلاق </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">IR.SSRI.REC.1401.1361</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تصویب شده است. از والدین رضایت نامه کتبی گرفته شده است</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">.</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها:</span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج نشان داد که </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">tACS</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بر بازداری پاسخ(0001/0</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">p=</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و توجه انتخابی(0001/0</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">p=</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) ورزشکاران دارای اختلال بیش</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">&shy;</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فعالی/نقص توجه اثربخش بوده است و منجر به بهبود بازداری پاسخ و توجه انتخابی آزمودنی‌ها شد.</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بر اساس </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته‌های به‌دست‌آمده اعمال</span></span>&nbsp;<span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">tACS</span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">1 میلی‌آمپر می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک روش درمانی مؤثر برای بهبود بازداری و توجه انتخابی ورزشکاران بیش</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">&shy;</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فعال/نقص</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt">&shy;</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توجه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Abstract</span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">Background and aim:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black"> Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is very common in athletes. This study aims to investigate the impact of transcranial electrical stimulation of alternating current on response inhibition and selective attention in athletes with ADHD.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">&nbsp;<b>Materials and methods:</b> The present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest, posttest, and follow-up design with the control group. The statistical population was 160 elite athletes with ADHD aged 9 to 11 years (60 girls and 100 boys). Of these, 120 athletes with ADHD were randomly selected and assigned to three groups of 40: control, sham, and tACS. First, a pretest was done, and then all subjects in the sham and experimental groups received F3(Anodal) and F4(Cathodic) fake and real stimulations, respectively, with a current of 1 mA (10 Hz) for 15 minutes in 10 sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention, then each group was re-examined. A follow-up test was done after two weeks. The Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and Stroop were used in this study. For data analysis, Mixed Anova, one-way ANOVA, and Benferroni&#39;s post hoc test were used with using Spss version 21 statistical software (p&le;0.05).</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">Ethical considerations:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">This study is approved sport sciences Reserch Institute with ethical registration code IR.SSRI.REC.1401.1361.Parents</span></span> <span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">gave written informed consent form.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">Results</span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">: The results showed that tACS was effective in the response inhibition and selective attention of athletes with ADHD and led to the improvement of response inhibition and selective attention of these subjects.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">Conclusion</span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">: Based on the findings, the tACS protocol&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="color: black; font-family: " times="">of 1 mA can be used as an effective treatment to improve inhibition and selective attention of athletes with ADHD.</span><br> &nbsp; بازداری پاسخ, توجه, تحریک مغزی, ورزشکاران بیش‌فعال/نقص توجه Response Inhibition, attention, Brain stimulation, Athletes with ADHD 37 44 http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7158-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fereshteh Amouzadeh فرشته عموزاده zamouzadeh@yahoo.com 4600319475328460087570 4600319475328460087570 Yes shahid chamran ahvaz UVI دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز Alireza Bahrami علیرضا بهرامی A-Bahrami@arak.ut.ac.ir 4600319475328460087571 4600319475328460087571 No Arak UVI دانشگاه اراک Mehdi Rahimzadeh مهدی رحیم زاده mrahimzadeh@ut.ac.ir 4600319475328460087572 4600319475328460087572 No Tehran UVI دانشگاه تهران