fa تأثیر تمرین مهارتی حس عمقی روی شن بر تعادل و کنترل قامت کاراته‌کاران کاتارو ماهر عمومى General پژوهشي اصیل Original Atricle <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:101%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:101%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:101%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> حس عمقی، نقش مهمی در حفظ پایداری و اجرای حرکات دارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرین مهارتی حس عمقی روی شن در مقایسه با سطح سالن بر تعادل و کنترل قامت کاراته‌کاران کاتاروی ماهر انجام شد. </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:101%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش کار:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> در این مطالعه نیمه‌تجربی، </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۳۰</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نوجوان پسر کاراته کا کاتارو ماهر (</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۱۸-۱۳</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> سال) به‌صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به سه گروه </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۱۰</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نفری تمرین روی شن، تمرین در سالن و گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. متغیرهای تعادل ایستا (آزمون لک‌لک)، تعادل پویا</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">(</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آزمون</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Y</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و کنترل قامت (سرعت و جابجایی مرکز فشار) قبل و پس از مداخله اندازه‌گیری شد. گروه‌های تجربی به مدت </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۸</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> هفته، هفته‌ای </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۳</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> جلسه و هر جلسه </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۴۰</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> دقیقه تمرینات حس عمقی را انجام دادند. داده‌ها با آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس تحلیل شدند. </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:104%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافته‌ها:</span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> هر دوگروه تجربی بهبود معنی داری در تعادل پویا نسبت به گروه کنترل نشان دادند (</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">0/001 = </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">). </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در کنترل قامت، عملکرد گروه تمرین روی شن در کاهش سرعت (</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">0/</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">05 > </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) و جابجایی (</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">0/</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">05 > </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) مرکز فشار بهتر از دو گروه دیگر بود. تفاوت معناداری بین گروه تمرین در سالن و کنترل در کنترل قامت مشاهده نشد</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:102%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></span></span></b> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">تمرینات مهارتی حس عمقی بویژه تمرین روی سطح ناپایدار شن به‌دلیل ایجاد چالش حسی- حرکتی بیشتر منجر به بهبود تعادل پویا و کنترل قامت در کاراته کاران کاتارو ماهر می‌شود</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Introduction:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> Proprioception plays a vital role in maintaining stability and performing precise movements. This study aimed to investigate the effect of proprioceptive skill training on sand compared to a gym surface on balance and postural control in skilled karate practitioners.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> In this quasi-experimental study, 30 adolescent male karate athletes (aged 13&ndash;18 years) were selected through convenience sampling and divided into three groups of 10: sand training, gym training, and control. The variables of static balance (stork test), dynamic balance (Y-balance test), and postural control (velocity and displacement of the center of pressure measured by a foot scanner) were assessed before and after the intervention. The experimental groups performed proprioceptive exercises for 8 weeks, three sessions per week, with each session lasting 40 minutes. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> Both experimental groups showed significant improvement in dynamic balance compared to the control group (P=0.001). In terms of postural control, the sand training group demonstrated superior performance in reducing velocity (P<0.05) and displacement (P<0.05) of the center of pressure compared to the other two groups. No significant differences were observed between the gym training group and the control group in postural control.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Proprioceptive skill training leads to improvements in dynamic balance among karate practitioners. However, training on the unstable surface of sand, due to greater sensory motor challenges, provides significant advantages in enhancing postural control. Incorporating proprioceptive exercises on unstable surfaces into athletes&rsquo; training programs is recommended.</span></span> حس عمقی؛ تعادل؛ کنترل قامت؛ کاراته Proprioception, Balance, Postural Control, Karate 0 0 http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8068-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Abolfazl Shahrajardi ابوالفضل شهرجردی A.shahrjerdi@ut.ac.ir 4600319475328460093829 4600319475328460093829 No PhD in Motor Learning, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه علوم رفتاری و شناختی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران Mehdi shahbazi مهدی شهبازی shahbazimehdi@ut.ac.ir 4600319475328460093830 4600319475328460093830 Yes Professor, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran استاد، گروه علوم رفتاری و شناختی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران Elham Shirzad Araki الهام شیرزاد عراقی Eshirzad@ut.ac.ir 4600319475328460093831 4600319475328460093831 No Associate Professor, Department of Sport Biomechanics and Pathology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran دانشیار، گروه آسیب‌شناسی و بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران Dariush Khajavi داریوش خواجوی d-khajavi@araku.ac.ir 4600319475328460093832 4600319475328460093832 No Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Arak, Arak, Iran دانشیار، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران Amir Abasgholipour امیر عباسقلی پور A.abasqolipour@ut.ac.ir 4600319475328460093833 4600319475328460093833 No Assistant Professor, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran استادیار، گروه علوم رفتاری و شناختی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران