@article{ author = {Pazoki, Amir Hosein and Choobineh, Siroos and Akbarnejad, Ali}, title = {The Effect of Six Weeks Combined Training on Plasma Levels of Chemerin, Serum Amyloid A and C-reactive Proteine and Plasma Lipid in Obese Male}, abstract ={Background: The evidence suggests that obesity causes the chronic inflammation. Chemerin is a new adipokine which is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The effects of combined training on levels of inflammatory markers specialy chemerin and serum amyloid-A has been less studied.The present study aims to examine the effect of six weeks combined training on plasma levels of chemerin, CRP and SAA and plasma lipid in obese men. Materials and Methods: 18 obese men were divided into control and experimental groups. General characteristics of subjects serum levels of chemerin, CRP and SAA were examined (by ELISA method), before and after one session training. Endurance training protocol was performed on the large muscles included in 6 weeks running around the track with 60 to 75% HRmax, 4 sessions per week, intense resistance training for 25 to 30 minutes with 50 to 70% of one repetition maximum of 6 stations (2 sets, 12 Reps). Data analysis was performed by T-independent test for comparison of two control and training groups, T-paired test for comparison of two groups before and after the test and significant level of p≤0.05 was considered. Results: The results show that 6 weeks combined training significantly decrease the plasma levels of chemerin (p=0.004), and SAA (p=0.009), but there was not any significant decrease on CRP levels(p=0. 476). So, it can be concluded that combined training will affect on some inflammatory markers in obese men and improve them. Conclusion: One session combined training for 6 weeks significantly affects on plasma levels of chemerin and serum amyloid-A, however, it doesn't decrease the plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP).}, Keywords = {Chemrin, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Serum Amyloid-A (SAA), Obesity}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3754-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3754-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {PishraftSabet, Leila and SamimiRad, Katayoun and Bolhasani, Azam and Ahangar-Oskouee, Mahi}, title = {Designing and Construction of a Multiepitope-Based DNA Vaccine to Induce Protective Immunity against Hepatitis C Virus}, abstract ={Background: Hypervariability of hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins is an important obstacle to design an efficient vaccine for the infection. To construct a protective vaccine against HCV, a DNA vaccine containing conserved epitopes of the virus was designed. To enhance the induced immune responses, adjuvant activity of N-terminal domain of gp96 (NT(gp96)) was used. Materials and Methods: A multi-epitope (PT) DNA vaccine encoding four HCV immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes (HLA-A2 and H2-Dd) from Core, E2, NS3 and NS5B antigens in addition to a T-helper CD4+ epitope from NS3 protein and a B-cell epitope from E2 protein was designed and constructed. Then, NT(gp96) was fused to the PT DNA (PT-NT(gp96)). The stimulated cellular and humoral immune responses of PT and PT-NT(gp96) were evaluated in mice model. Results: According to multicolor flow cytometry assay, the frequency of CD8+ T-cells producing IFNγ and TNFα in the splenocytes of immunized mice with PT-NT(gp96) (6.8%, 4%) was significantly higher than those of immunized with PT (0.9% , 0.8%), respectively. The same results have obtained in hepatic lymphocytes of the vaccinated mice. The level of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a in the mice vaccinated with PT-NT (gp96) was significantly higher than the value obtained from the mice immunized with PT. Conclusion: The results showed that PT DNA vaccine induces immune responses in mice model. Fusion of NT (gp96) to PT DNA vaccine causes to enhance cellular and humoral immune responses against HCV compared to sole PT vaccine.}, Keywords = {DNA Vaccine, Epitope, gp96, Hepatitis C virus}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {12-22}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4056-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4056-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Jahangirizade, Kobra and Nasiri, Mahboobeh and Asmarian, Naeimehossadat}, title = {Association of rs1042658 Polymorphism of the CSF3 Gene with the Susceptibility of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Women of Fars Province}, abstract ={Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a heterogeneous condition with the prevalence of more than 1% among women of reproductive age, which is defined as the occurrence of more than two miscarriages. Immune-mediators, cytokines, determine the role of immune cells in response to tissue incompatibility conditions. Colony stimulating factor 3 (CSF3) is a cytokine affecting the expression of other cytokines such as IL-4, and suppressing the immune response against semi-allograft embryo. This study was done for the first time on the association of the rs1042658 polymorphism at 3’UTR of the CSF3 gene with the susceptibility to recurrent pregnancy loss, supposing the effect of it on the expression level and stability of the CSF3 gene transcript. Materials and Methods: 122 RPL women and 140 healthy fertile women as a control group were enrolled in this case-control study. Genotype distribution of the selected polymorphism was evaluated by T-ARMS PCR method and the results were analyzed by logistic regression test. Results: comparison of the genotypic frequencies in the 3'UTR of the CSF3 gene in patients and controls resulted in the statistically significant difference in the incidence of pregnancy loss in order to the protection effect of the genotypes carrying T allele was observed between two groups (p<0.05). History of the abortion among the relatives of RPL women versus the relatives of controls showed significant differences (p=0.05). Conclusion: Findings showed significant relationship between rs1042658 polymorphism and the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss, which can affect the susceptibility of the condition.}, Keywords = {CSF3, Cytokine, Polymorphism, Recurrent pregnancy loss}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {23-31}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3899-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3899-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shokouhi, Hadiseh and Zolfaghari, Mohammad Reza and Farahmand, Behrokh and Tabatabaeian, Mansooreh and Taheri, Najmeh and Fotouhi, Fatemeh}, title = {Immunological Assessment of Three Tandem Repeat of Influenza Virus M2 Extracellular Domain with Adjuvant in Balb/c Mice Model}, abstract ={Background: Influenza A viruses are globally important respiratory pathogens which cause a high degree of morbidity and mortality during annual epidemics. M2 protein which expressed on the viral surface facilitates virus entry to the host cells. The extracellular domain of M2 protein (M2e) consists of N-terminal 24 residue which shows remarkable conservation among all subtypes of influenza A viruses. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of three tandem repeats of M2e along with different adjuvants in BALB/C mice model. Materials and Methods: Recombinant protein (3M2e) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Six weeks old BALB/c mice were immunized interdermally with three doses of 3M2e alone or supplemented with Alum/CpG motif as adjuvant. Control group was injected with PBS. Two weeks after the last immunization, specific anti-M2 was measured using ELISA method and finally mice were challenged with one lethal dose (LD90) of PR8 virus. Results: The results showed that 3M2e can induce specific antibody alone. However, 3M2e protein supplemented with Alum-CpG induced higher level of specific antibodies, so that, there was a significant difference with 3M2e group (p<0.05). Anti-M2 antibodies mostly consisted of IgG2a subclass which considered as activity index of TH1 Cells. Moreover, this group showed enhanced protection against wild-type virus (survival rate=60%). Conclusion: Applying Alum-CpG as a complex adjuvant may play a crucial role in integrating innate and acquisitive immunity. We increased density of M2e in combination with complex adjuvant and showed that this vaccine induced power immune responses and semi-protected mice against lethal challenge.}, Keywords = {Influenza Virus, 3M2e protein, Alum adjuvant, CPG adjuvant}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {32-43}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3803-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3803-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shahbazi, Nasrin and Khalaji, Hasan and EbrahimiMonfared, Mohse}, title = {The Effect of Focus of Attention - Self talk on Balance of Women with Multiple Sclerosis}, abstract ={Background: studies in adults have shown that external focus of attention is better than internal focus in motor learning. So, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of focus of attention- self talk on balance of women with multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods: In this semi- experimental study, statistical population included women with MS referred to MS Society of Arak. Whereas balance disorder in patients was diagnosed by neurologyist, they were invited to the study. Patients were accidentally divided into 3 groups each of 15 concluding control, self tak-external focus of attention and self talk- internal focus of attention groups and were evaluated by Berg balance scale. 42 samples completed executive steps of study. ANOVA and Tukey tests were used to compare balance score between groups with significant level of less than 0.05. All patients practiced balance tasks for 9 days and then they were undergone post test. Results: Balance was improved in all groups. Although the external- self talk group was better than the two other groups, there was no significant difference between external and internal- self talk groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed the effect of practice on improvement of balance skill and superiority of the experimental groups in comparison with control group. Probably, focus of attention with self talk has effect on balance of women with MS.}, Keywords = {Balance, Self talk, Focus of attention, Multiple sclerosis }, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {44-53}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3877-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3877-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Saremi, Abbas and Ahmadi, Samaneh}, title = {Cardiac Troponin and Creatine Kinase Response to the Three Modes of Training (Running, Pedaling and Swimming) in Young Girls}, abstract ={Background: Cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase are used as biological markers for cardiomyocytes and its levels in serum are used as indicators of myocardial cell injury. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 3 different training protocols (runing, swimming, and pedaling training) on myocardial cell injury biomarkers in young girls. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study with pretest–posttest design, ten healthy young girls (aged 23.0±1.6 y) were selected in a convenience sampling way. The subjects performed three types of exercise in 7 days interval. Blood sample was assessed before and after the exercise sessions. Data were analyzed using t-test and analysis of variance. Results: Our results indicated that creatin kinase increased significantly after three types of exercise (p<0.05). Running exercise led to greater increase in serum creatine kinase (p<0.05). Also, troponin T levels significantly were increased after three types of exercise (p<0.05), although no significant differences were observed between exercise types (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggest that intensive exercise is associated with cardiac damage in less trained girls and the type of exercise is determinants of the magnitude of myocardial injury biomarkers release.}, Keywords = {Cardiac troponin T, Cardiac fatigue, Physical activity, Young girls}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {54-62}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4181-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4181-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Farazi, Ali Asghar and Hoseini, Seyed Davood and Ghaznavirad, Ehsanollah and Sadekhoo, Shekoofeh}, title = {Antibiotic Susceptibility of Brucella Melitensis in Markazi Province (2014)}, abstract ={Background: Brucellosis is one of the most important diseases among humans and animals. Clinical management of brucellosis due to an increased rate of treatment failure and recurrence is extremely worrying. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the brucella isolates. Materials and Methods: From April to September 2014 a total of 30 brucella isolates that were cultured on brucella agar has been studied. The species identification was carried out and to determine the effect of antibiotics on bacteria antibiogram testing was performed by disk diffusion. Results: In this study, 30 brucella strains were isolated from cultured specimens and antibiogram testing was performed. All microbial positive specimens were sequenced by PCR. All isolates were Brucella melitensis. According to the tests, suceptibility to tetracycline, minocycline, gentamicin, tigecyclin was 100%, to doxycycline 93.3%, co-amoxiclave 66.7%, rifampin 44.7%, streptomycin 86.7%, ciprofloxacin 80%, cotrimoxazole 76.7% and ceftriaxone 73.3%. Conclusion: This study shows that the predominant strain in our patients was Brucella melitensis. Also, due to high levels of resistance to rifampin to use the other effective drugs like gentamicin, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin or cotrimoxazole in combination with doxycycline or tetracycline.}, Keywords = {Antibiotic susceptibility, Brucellosis, Brucella melitensis }, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {63-70}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3963-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3963-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mohsennejad, Azita and Khorsandi, Mahboobeh and Roozbahani, Nasrin and Eshrati, Babak}, title = {Investigation of Fish Consumption Considering Constructs of the Transtheoretical Model in Women 30-50 Years Old in Arak city, 2014}, abstract ={Background: Improvement of nutrition like fish and sea products is influential in preventing from non-contagious diseases. The transtheoretical model is one of the models for effective investigation on nutrition behaviors.  This study was done with the aim of investigating fish consumption among women 30 to 50 years old based on the transtheoretical model. Materials and Methods: This study was an analytical and cross sectional analysis which was conducted in 2014 on 360 women 30 to 50 years in Arak city. The data have been collected by using researcher-made questionnaires which its validity and reliability was assessed in accordance to the transtheoretical model were obtained by visiting houses. Then the collected data were analyzed by pearson correlation test. Results: The average age of the respondents was 39.34±7.5. The average of fish consumption was 0.62 ±0.83 times a week. 64 % of people in consumption of at least two servings of fish a week were in the two first stages of change (pre-contemplation and contemplation).The average score of self-efficacy in fish consumption was a total of 10.58 ±3.12 out of 15 and the average score of cons of fish was 26.35 ±4.78 and the average score of pros of fish was 21.6 ±2.67 out of 25. Pearson correlation indicates that the amount of fish consumption with constructs of the self-efficacy, stages of change and pros of fish had respectively the most positive correlation (p≤0.05). Fish consumption had no significant difference with age, education, Body Mass Index, occupation, monthly income and marital status. Conclusion: Fish consumption despite its high level of perceived benefits is really low and to eliminate these barriers, education and cultural-building especially in women who are influential people in family nutrition is necessary.}, Keywords = {Fish consumption, Change stages, Pros and cons, Self-efficacy, Transtheoretical model}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {71-78}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4025-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4025-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nazemi, Ali and Ghafari, Mahdieh Sadat and Dalvandi, Mohse}, title = {To Study the Effect of Reconstructive Surgery of Myelomeningocele on the Prognosis of Patients}, abstract ={Background: Myelomeningocele is one of the common congenital malformation in childhood that has association with many disorders. in addition to routine management of associated disorders surgical repair of myelomeningocele has been considered in many cases . The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of myelomeningocele surgical repair in prognosis of children with myelomeningocele Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study from 2001 to 2013 in 60 infants with myelomeningocele in two department of neurosurgery in Arak and Ilam cities (Vali Asr and Imam Khomeni hospitals, respectively). Infants were divided into two groups according to operable and inoperable cases (each group includes 30 cases). The prognosis of two groups was investigated with respect to mortality, and Stark and Drummond disability rating scale. Data were analyzed with SPSS 18 software. Results: Case group had better prognoses compared to control with respect to handicap (p=0.003), urinary tract disorders (p=0.006), IQ (p=0.001), global disability(p=0.006) and mortality rate, but there was no difference between two groups with respect to hydrocephalus(p=0.3). Conclusion: According to the results, mortality, disability and prognosis of infants with myelomeningocele that underwent operation were better. In conclusion, early myelomeningocele repair is advised for infants, because it affects the improvement of prognosis and the quality of patients' life.}, Keywords = {Myelomeningocele, Childhood}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {79-85}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3080-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3080-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Naafe, Mahdis and Kariman, Noorosadat and Keshavarz, Zohreh and Mojab, Faraz and Chaibakhsh, Samir}, title = {Considering the Effect of Hydro Alcoholic Extract of Capsella Bursa Pastoris on Menorrhagia}, abstract ={Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding has a negative impact on quality of life. In this study, the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of capsella bursa pastoris on menorrhagia is evaluated. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was carried out on 90 women with complaint of heavy menstrual bleeding. Samples, after a control cycle of primary bleeding, were randomly divided to capsella bursa pastoris and control groups. Both groups were subjected to mefenamic acid treatment with 500 mg every 8 hours, from the first day to the end of bleeding, up to seven days, for two consecutive cycles. In capsella bursa pastoris group, in addition to mefenamic acid, capsella bursa pastoris capsule 500 mg every12 hours, from the first day to the end of bleeding, up to seven days, was prescribed. In control group, instead of capsella bursa pastoris capsules,it,s placebo was prescribed with the same order. Data were checked and compared before and after treatment using SPSS software. Results: The average amount of bleeding reduced in capsella bursa pastoris group from 135.27 in control cycle to 69.13 in third cycle and in control group reduced from 133.91 to 75.44 in third cycle(p<0.001). The average duration of bleeding was reduced in capsella bursa pastoris group from 7.38 in control cycle to 5.40 in third cycle and in control group was reduced from 6.91 to 5.31 in third cycle(p<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that the extract of capsella bursa pastoris can be effective in reducing the amount and duration of bleeding in women of reproductive age with heavy menstrual bleeding.}, Keywords = {Capsella bursa pastoris, Mefenamic acid, Menorrhagia, PBLAC Chart}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {86-94}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3263-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3263-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {EbrahimiMonfared, Mohsen and Qasami, Keyvan and RezaeiAshtiani, Ali Reza and Kazemeini, Elaheh}, title = {The Study of Epidemiologic, Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in Patients with Migraine Headache Referring to Neurology Clinics of Vali-Asr and Imam Reza Hospitals in Arak City}, abstract ={Background: Migraine is one of the prevalent disabling disorders. Considering geographical differences in reported epidemiology and improving patients care, the aim of the present study was to evaluate epidemiologic, demographic and clinical characteristics in patients with migraine headache in Arak. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional and descriptive study was conducted on patients with migraine headache referred to the neurology clinics of Vali-Asr and Imam Reza hospitals of Arak for 6 months. A questionnaire containing the demographic, epidemiologic and clinical data was filled by patients.  Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS 18. Results: Among 820 patients with headache, 92 (11.21%) subjects were confirmed to have migraine headaches. Of the 92 patients, 54.3% were women and 45.6% were men. The mean age was 36.9±9.2 years old and 50% were married. The most common migraine triggers were stress (78.2%), sleep disturbances (65.2%), and fatigue (63%). The mean frequency of headaches was 6.9±3.5 attacks per month with an average duration of 11.1±4.5 hours per attack. Conclusion: According to our results, the prevalence of migraine in women is more than in men. Dizziness, visual disturbances, nausea, no aura, headache is one-sided and pulsating are significantly accompanied by migraine. The number of consumed sedative pills in the month, brain imaging and a monthly fee of headache were significant. In total, clinical characteristics of migraine headaches in our patients were nearly compatible with the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria.}, Keywords = {Migraine, Epidemiology, Headache}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3970-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3970-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Pourimani, Reza and Asadpour, Farib}, title = {Determination of Specific Activities of Radionuclides in Soil and Their Transfer Factor from Soil to Bean and Calculation of Cancer Risk for Bean Consumption in Iran}, abstract ={Background: Nuclear radiation emission by radionuclides causes the diseases, such as cancer or genetic anomalies. Therefore, the study of radioactivity in soil and food as well as calculating the risk of cancer seems essential for foods consumption. Materials and Methods: In this research, nine different varieties of beans containing the grain of beans, areal part and their soil cultivated were collected. The specific activity of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs was determined for each sample employing gamma ray spectrometry method using high purity germanium detector with 30% relative efficiency. Results: The absorbed dose rate in the air in one meter above the ground surface varied from 77.23 to 112.78 in nGy/h. The annual effective dose rate absorbed by adult person from the beans consumption in Iran is in the range of 122.14 to 905.86 in μSv/y. The cancer risk for the different varieties of beans varied from of 1.87 × 10-5 to 1.59 ×10-4 which is less than acceptable value as 10-3. Conclusion: The specific activities of radionuclides in soils samples are more than average of world wide range. The absorbed dose rate from bean consumption for the most of Varieties is more than of world average. Cancer risk resulted from bean consumption is less than acceptable value and consumption of bean has no risk for population health.}, Keywords = { 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 137Cs, Radionuclides, Cancer risk}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {9-18}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4142-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4142-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Khosravi, Khadijeh and Zarinfar, Nader and Ghaznavi-Rad, Ehsanollah and Mosayebi, Ghasem}, title = {Lymphocyte Proliferation Response in Patients with Acute and Chronic Brucellosis}, abstract ={Background: Brucella is an intracellular bacterium that causes chronic infection in humans and domestic animals. The underlying mechanisms that cause prolonged illness are complex and not fully understood. Immune responses may have an important role in the chronicity of infection. Here, we evaluated the lymphocyte proliferation responses in patients with chronic and acute brucellosis. Materials and Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was performed on 22 patients with acute brucellosis, 21 patients with chronic brucellosis and 21 healthy people with the similar age, sex and genetic background as control group. Peripheral lymphocytes were isolated using Ficoll and the cellular proliferation was quantified in presence of antigen and phytohemaglutinin-A by MTT method. Results: The brucella antigen-specific stimulation index in patients with chronic brucellosis was significantly lower than the acute brucellosis patients (p=0.001). Also, stimulating the lymphocytes with phytohemaglutinin-A has shown that proliferative response in patients with chronic brucellosis was lower than the other groups (p=0.04). Conclusion: The results indicated that chronic brucellosis inhibits lymphocyte proliferation. This inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation may be due to the induction of anergy.}, Keywords = {Brucella, Proliferation response, Acute, Chronic}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {19-25}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4061-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4061-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Dadgarnia, Homa and Hajebrahimi, Zahr}, title = {The Effect of Microgravity Condition on Expression of VEGFR-2 Gene in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC)}, abstract ={Background: Endothelial cells are very sensitive to mechanical force including microgravity and the morphological and functional changes in them are believed to be at the basis of weightlessness-induced cardiovascular deconditioning. It has been shown that the proliferation, migration, and morphological differentiation of endothelial cells play critical roles in angiogenesis. So far, the influence of microgravity on the ability of endothelial cells to foster angiogenesis remains to be explored in detail. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of microgravity condition on VEGFR-2 and CD34 genes expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in angiogenesis. Materials and Methods: In this study, HUVEC cells were purchased from Pastor Institute. We used a clinostat to simulate microgravity condition for 2, 24 and 72 hours. Real time PCR technique was used for gene expression analysis after extraction of RNA from cells. Results:  Our results showed that microgravity for 72h leads to a significant increase (6 times compared with control group, p<0.001) in the VEGFR-2 gene expression. However, expression of CD34 did not change (p>0.05) with microgravity. Conclusion: Based on the results, microgravity has positive effect on angiogenesis and can be used to generate vascules for cell therapy of ischemic diseases and atherosclerosis.}, Keywords = {Angiogenesis, Microgravity, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {26-34}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4136-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4136-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Soleimani, Elham and Goudarzi, Iran and Abrari, Kataneh and Lashkarbolouki, Taghi}, title = {Study of Melatonin Protective Effects on Learning and Memory Deficits Induced by Administration of Lead during Pregnancy and Postpartum in Rat: Behavioral and Biochemical Evaluations}, abstract ={Background: Few studies have investigated the possible ways to prevent lead induced defects during gestation and lactation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin as a hormone with antioxidant properties on oxidative stress in the hippocampus and learning and memory impairment induced by administration of lead. Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were exposed to treatments of control, lead acetate (0.2% solution in water), lead acetate + melatonin and melatonin (10 mg / kg by oral gavage) from gestation day 6 until weaning. 21 days after birth, the activities of several antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) as well as malondialdehyde levels in hippocampus of 23 male offspring rats were assayed. To behavioral studies, on postnatal day 30, 57 rats were trained 6 days in the Morris water maze and the probe test was performed 24 h later. Results: The results showed that administration of lead during pregnancy and lactation could increase MDA levels and decrease glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes activities in the hippocampus of male offspring. Also, this treatment significantly disrupted performance of the Morris water maze test and impaired learning and spatial memory in male offspring compared with control. Administration of melatonin attenuated lipid peroxidation and could improve learning and spatial memory deficits and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in lead exposure group. Conclusion: Melatonin as a neuropotective drug can protect the hippocampus against the complications of lead exposure, in the course of development.}, Keywords = {Melatonin, Lead, Learning and Spatial Memory, Oxidative stress, Rat}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {35-48}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3986-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3986-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {FarahaniDastjani, Fahimeh and Shamsi, Mohsen and Khorsandi, Mahboobeh and Rezvanfar, Mohammadreza and Ranjbaran, Mehdi}, title = {To Study the Factors Affecting Medication Adherence in diabetic Patients based on Health Belief Model in Arak, 2014}, abstract ={Background: Diabetes is one of the most common disease resulted from metabolism disorders. Thus, Studying medication adherence in patients to explain educational interventions to improve the health of these patients is necessary. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the factors affecting medication adherence in diabetics patients based on health belief model in Arak 2014. Materials and Methods: In this analytical study, 366 diabetic patients in Arak in 2014 were selected and data were collected through a researcher made questionnaire about patients behavior in the field of medication adherence and its influencing factors based on the health belief model. Linear regression model was used to determine the predictive power of structures. Results: The mean knowledge score and the medication adherence was 31.34 and 84.34, respectively. In this study, perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers and internal action guide were as the strongest predictors of medication adherence behavior in patients and predicted their behavior variance 0.36. Between function and susceptibility and severity and perceived benefits and self- efficacy of manual internal and external action guides in the field of medication adherence with diabetes, there was a direct correlation that the highest correlation was related to the perceived susceptibility structure (r=0.42 , p<0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that the educational interventions with an emphasis on building the perceived sensitivity of patients with diabetes for medication adherence and emphasis on internal incentives as motivators and incentives for patients to achieve better results in the field of medication adherence should be at the heart of educational interventions.}, Keywords = {Behavior, Medication adherence, Diabetes, Health belief model, Predictor }, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {49-58}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3997-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3997-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {FeizSarshar, Mohammad Hosein and Akya, Alish}, title = {The Frequency of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Genes of SHV-2a, SHV-5 and SHV-12 in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Kermanshah Medical Centers in 2014}, abstract ={Background: The dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates has resulted in the increase of antibiotic resistance and mortality among patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL and SHV-2a, SHV-5 and SHV-12 genes in K. pneumoniae isolates from Kermanshah. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive – analytical study, from 112 clinical samples of patients admitted at Kermanshah medical centers in 2014, 60 K. pneumoniae isolates were recognized by standard methods of bacteriology and API Kit. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was determined by disk diffusion method and the isolates were screened for ESBL-producerig using the combination disc method. The SHV-2a, SHV-5 and SHV-12 genes were determined among isolates using PCR method. Primers were designed in this study. Results: Of 60 isolates tested, the highest and the lowest resistance was for ampicillin and carbapenem antibiotics, respectively. Forty-five percent of isolates were ESBL-producer. Among 60 isolates tested, 5 (8.3%), 57 (95%) and 43 (71.7%) isolates contained SHV-2a, SHV-5 and SHV-12 genes, respectively. Five isolates contained all the three genes of SHV-2a, SHV-5 and SHV-12. Conclusion: The results indicate the relatively high prevalence of SHV type beta-lactamase genes in K. pneumoniae isolates in Kermanshah. Given this high prevalence, the surveillance of antibiotic resistant patterns and relevant genes is necessary among gram-negative bacilli in Kermanshah region. Due to the high resistance of K. pneumoniae isolates to antibiotics and to reduce the dissemination of resistant genes, susceptibility testing to choose more affective antibiotics is recommended even for isolates from outpatients.}, Keywords = {ESBL, Klebsiella pneumoniae, SHV}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {59-67}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4120-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4120-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Gaeini, Abbasali and ShafieiNeek, Leila and Choobineh, Siroos and BaghbanEslaminejad, Mohammadreza and Satarifard, Sadegh and Mousavi, Seyedeh Ne}, title = {The Effects of the Preconception Endurance Exercise Training and Voluntary Exercise Activity during Pregnancy in C57BL/6 Mice on Lipid Profile of the Adult Offsprings}, abstract ={Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of preconception endurance exercise training with voluntary exercise activity during pregnancy in mother mice on lipid profile in adult offsprings. Materials and Methods: Twenty four C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into four subgroups: trained in preconception period and exercised during pregnancy (TE)(20.3±1.02g); trained in preconception periods but unexercised during pregnancy (TC)(21.58±0.4g); untrained in preconception periods but exercised during pregnancy (CE)(21.02±0.23g); untrained and unexercised (CC)(19.23±0.45g). Trained mice were subjected to a protocol of moderate endurance exercise training over a period of 4 weeks for 5 days before pregnancy. The fasting blood samples were collected from adult mice(8 weeks old) and serum levels of glucose and lipid profile were measured. Data were analyzed using two way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The Glucose test results in offspring showed that there was a significant interaction between group and sex and group main effect (p<0.001) Glucose levels of male offspring were significantly lower in TC and TE groups. Results on LDL also showed that the sex main effect was significant (p<0.001), and LDL levels of male born to TE and TC dams lower than in female offspring. Conclusion: Improving the mother's physical fitness by providing regular endurance training in the preconception period and maintaining it by exercise activty throughout pregnancy may have potential for eliciting positive changes in lipid profile of offspring, specially males.}, Keywords = {Exercise activity, Physical fitness, Pregnancy, Adult offspring}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {68-79}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4041-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4041-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Naghibi, Khosro and MoradiFarsani, Darioush and AliKiaei, Babak and Hirmanpour, Anahit}, title = {Comparing the Effect of Intravenous and Inhalational Anesthtics on Hemodynamic Changes in Deep Vitrectomy Surgery}, abstract ={Background: Due to high prevalence of vitrectomy surgery, and the importance of anesthetic technique in conducting an uncomplicated surgery, we decided to do this study. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized study was conducted on 80 patients 40-80 years old candidating deep vitrectomy sugery under general anesthesia that were categorized into II and III Class by American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA). Patients were randomly allocated to two groups of 40 members. Anesthesia was induced in both groups in the same manner. For maintaining anesthesia, patients from I group receiVed 1.2% isofluran with 50% O2 in air at 4L/min and infusion of remifentanil (0.1 mg.kg-1.min-1). But in the P group, we used propofol up to 10mg/kg /hr with infusion of remifentanyl. Propofol and isoflurane in fusion was discontinued with the last surgical stitches, but remifentanil infusion continued in both groups until the eye was covered with shield. Hemodynamic variables were recorded just before the induction of anesthesia and in different time intervals till discharging of the patients from the recovery room.  Then, data were compared. Results: Results showed that there is a significant changes in propofol group compared to isofluran in deep vitrectomy surgery operations. Conclusion: Hemodynamic changes are more significant in maintaining propofol anesthesia when compared with isoflurane.}, Keywords = {Inhalation, Anesthesia, Intravenous, Vitrectomy, Hemodynamics}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {80-88}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3641-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3641-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Yousefzadeh, Sedigheh and EsmaeiliDarmian, Mahin and AsadiYoonesi, Mohammad Reza and Shakeri, Mohammad Taghi}, title = {Investigating the Effect of Optimism Training during Pregnancy on Attitude and Mode of Delivery in Nulliparous Women Referred to Health Centers of Mashhad, 2014}, abstract ={Background: Childbirth is a stressful event that requires a mental adjustment. Optimism is one of the important determinants of psychological adjustment which is a combination of interest and positive attitude. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of optimism training during pregnancy on attitude and intentions to choose the mode of delivery in nulliparous women. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial , 64 primipar pregnant women with normal pregnancies, 34-30 weeks, without indication for cesarean section referring to the health centers in Mashhad in 2014 were selected and were randomly divided into two groups , A (trained) and B (no training). Optimism training during 5 session of the 60-minute, with the group participation of participants and active exercises was conducted. Data were analyzed with using the software SPSS and statistical tests including variance analysis, Fischer exact test, willcoxon, Square-Chi and paired t-test. Results: Average attitude score towards c/s delivery in the study group, before and after training has a significant difference (p<0.001). Average attitude score towards natural childbirth was significantly higher in intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.002). Frequency of intentions to choose the mode of delivery in the study group, before and after training has a significant difference (p<0.033). Conclusion: Reults showed that optimism training in creating a positive attitude towards natural childbirth and thus reducing the rate of elective c/s delivery is effective.}, Keywords = {Training, Optimism, Attitude, Mode of Delivery}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {89-98}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3974-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3974-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Bagheri, Somayeh and Maghsoudi, Hossein and Motevalli, Fatemeh and KhoshdelNezamiha, Farahnaz and Hasanzadeh, Seyed Mehdi and ArabiMianroodi, Rez}, title = {Site-Directed Mutation, Cloning and Expression of Streptokinase for Producing a New Suitable Molecule for PEGylation}, abstract ={Background: Streptokinase is one of the most common and cost effective fibrinolytic drugs for treatment of heart attacks and vein thrombosis. Unlike many advantages over other thrombolytic drugs, administration of streptokinase can produce some complications such as immunologic reactions, hemorrhage and incomplete treatment due to relative short half life. Pegylation is one of the most common methods for improving of these shortcomings. Materials and Methods: In this study, designing a proper candidate for specific pegylation with cysteine was done by means of SPDBviewer software. After a meaning ful mutation by SOEing PCR method, mutated (sk45cys) and intact SK (ski) genes were cloned in pET26-b vector and the structures were transformed in E.coli. Clones, Afrer growing, were expressed by IpTG and exptression of proteins was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. The proteins were purified by affinity chromatography with NiNTA columns and amidolytic activity of purified proteins was assayed using chromogenic method and different concentrations of S2251 substrate. Results: Results of activity assays showed that amidolytic activity of SK45cys had about 10% increase in comparison to Ski, after 30 minutes of complex formation with plasminogen. Conclusion: Generally, it was concluded that, considering cys45 as a superficial aminoacid and also relative increase of activity, SK45cys can be considered a suitable protein for specific pegylation.}, Keywords = {Activity assay, Mutation, Pegylation, Streptokinase}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4189-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4189-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Jamilian, Hamid Reza and Nokani, Mostafa and Khansari, Mohammad Reza and Ajloo, Mahamood and Doroodgar, Farzaneh and Jamilian, Mehri}, title = {Personality Profile Investigation of Adoption Applicant Couples in Arak, 2014}, abstract ={Background: Adoption has a significant role for strengthening families without children and also resolution of psychological confilicts of unsupervised children. The goal of this study is to assess the psychological status of adoption applicant couples. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive- analytic study that is done with cooperation of welfare organization and Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2014. All adoption applicant couples referred to welfare organization for 1 year participated in the study. Data were gathered by using demographic questionnaire and MMPI-II. Data were showed by descriptive statistic and were analyzed by using mean, average and covariance analysis indices. Results: Mean and standard deviation of all clinical scales and reliability of MMPI-II in all samples and also different subgroups of statistical population were under 65. All applicants had good mental health and psychologically were eligible for adoption. A group of applicants have pretended themselves better than what they are because of the fear of rejection that led to significant difference in k scale(p=0.019). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, applicants had good mental health and didn’t have any psychopathologic damage, but sometimes they have pretended themselves better than what they are. Investigation of other diagnostic tools in future studies is recommended.}, Keywords = {Personality profile, Adoption, Infertility}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {11-18}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4128-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4128-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Zargar, Parsa and Ghani, Esmaeel and JalaliMashayekhi, Farideh and Eftekhar, Ebrahim}, title = {Combined Effect of 5-Fluorouracil and Acriflavine on Mortality Rate of Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines}, abstract ={Background: A small percent of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) respond to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), as a first line of chemotherapy. In this study in, in order to design a new chemotherapy protocol, the effect of 5-FU and acriflavine (ACF) cotreatment on mortality rate of CRC cell lines was investigated. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of 5-FU and ACF against CRC cell lines (LS174T, SW480 and HCT116) was detected using MTT assay. Cells were treated with different concentrations of 5-FU (0.5-64 µM) or ACF (0.07-5 µM) for 72 hours and then cell viability and drugs IC50 was calculated. To assess the effect of ACF on anticancer activity of 5-FU, cells were cotreated with different concentrations of 5-FU and IC30 concentration of ACF. Results: ACF and 5-FU suppress the viability of CRC cell lines in dose-dependent manner. 5-FU and ACF have most cytotoxic effect on LS174T and the lowest cytotoxic effect on SW480 cells. Cotreatment of ACF with 5-FU could not significantly change the sensitivity of cells against 5-FU (p>0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the fatal and cytotoxic effect of ACF on three CRC cell lines was shown. However, cotreatment of ACF with 5-FU could not improve the anticancer activity of 5-FU.}, Keywords = {5-fluorouracil, Acriflavine, Colorectal cancer, Chemotherapy}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {19-26}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4182-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4182-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Soleimani, Esmaeel and HabibiAsgarabad, Mojtaba and Basharpour, Sajjad and Shikheslami, Ali and NooripourLiavali, Roghayeh}, title = {Effectiveness of Self-Control Training on Quality of Life Dimensions in Migraine Patients}, abstract ={Background: Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder that leads patients to avoid any kind of activities. Since different factors are involved in migraine incidence and its triggers, so drugs are used to prevent or treat it are so variable. Also, combined medications are used to relieve migraine. This study examined the effectiveness of self-control training on quality of life in patients with migraine. Materials and Methods: Statistic population of this study included all migraine patients in Ardabil in 2014(Estimation: N=1150) that 40 patients were selected by convenience sampling. Demographic and disease information questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) were used to collect data in clinical centers. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze data, because present research was a experimental and clinical trial with pre-test and post-test with control group. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between mean in quality of life in migraine patients and control subjects. It means that physical health and mental health of quality of life was different between control and experimental groups after self- control training. Conclusion: Self-control training can be used to enhance quality of life in migraine patients. These results have important and effective applications in the treatment of migraine patients. Generally, specialists of clinical centers can use this method alongside other treatment interventions.}, Keywords = {Migraine patients, Quality of life, Self-control}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {27-37}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4139-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4139-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shokrani, Hamidreza and Nabavi, Reza and AlizadeSarabi, Zahr}, title = {Demodicosis and Associated Risk Factors in Young Adults in Khorramabad, 2015}, abstract ={Background: Demodex mites can infect the sebaceous glands and hair follicles from almost every area of human skin especially on the face. Demodicosis is considered to be a factor in the pathogenesis of some skin disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Demodex mites and to identify the association between risk factors and Demodex infection. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 university students in Khorramabad, Iran. Samples were collected from three different regions of the face (nose, cheeks and forehead) using two different methods, including cellophane tape method (CTP) and skin pressurization. A questionnaire was filled for each individual and data were subjected to statistical analyses using chi-square test. Results: The overall prevalence of Demodex mites was 55%. The detection rate of infection by cellophane tape method was much higher than that of the skin pressurization (p<0.01). The incidence of Demodex was found to occur more frequently in males and in people with oily skin (p<0.05). Furthermore, the infection rate among students with acne vulgaris was significantly higher than that of students without acne (p<0.05). We found a significant difference between acne vulgaris and density of Demodex mites (p<0.01). Conclusion: The cellophane tape method (CTP) is an easy and suitable method for epidemiologic investigations. Skin types and gender were identified as risk factors. Our study suggests that Demodex infection could be associated with acne vulgaris.}, Keywords = {Acne vulgaris, Demodicosis, Risk factors}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {38-45}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4162-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4162-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Toroghi, Fatemeh and Mashayekhi, Farhad and Montazeri, Vahid and SaeediSaedi, Hami}, title = {Association between MMP9 Promoter Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Progression in Northwest of Iran}, abstract ={Background: MMP9, as a member of the MMPs family, codes a protein that is able to provide suitable infrastructures for the migration of cancer cells and angiogenesis within tumor. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between -1562 C> T polymorphism in MMP9 promoter and progression of breast cancer in northwest of Iran. Materials and Methods:  In this case-control study, 187 females from northwest of Iran were involved. Polymorphism of interest was determined by PCR-RFLP method using enzyme PaeI and statistical analysis was done by Med Calc software. Results: Distribution of CC genotype in cancer and control groups was,44 and 62.5, tespectively and distribution of CT genotype in cancer and control groups was 56 and 37.5, respectively, In the statistical analysis, χ2 and p value were respectively, 5.4 and 0.01. There is a significant association between this polymorphism and lymph nodes involvement and presence of tumor larger than 2cm3 (respectively p= 0.005 and p = 0.03). The results of this study showed -1562 C> T polymorphism in MMP9 promoter is associated with stage II and higher stages of breast cancer in our population. Furthermore, CT genotype may increase the risk of lymph node metastasis and presence of tumor larger than 2 cm3 (OR= 4). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, MMP9 (-1562 C> T) polymorphism may be used as a biomarker for breast cancer prognosis. Although, to achieve more definitive results, it is necessary to examine a larger population.}, Keywords = { Cancer, MMP9, Polymorphism}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {46-53}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4062-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4062-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Abedi, Behzad and Abbasi, Ataollah and Sarbaz, Yashar and Goshvarpour, Atefeh}, title = {Early Detection of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) using the Gait Motor Signal Frequency Analysis}, abstract ={Background: ALS is a progressive neuro-muscular disease, which is characterized by motor neuron loss in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). Up to now, no accurate clinical method for diagnosis of the disease have been provided. In most cases, ALS patients are unable to walk normally due to abnormalities in the nervous system. For this reason, one of the most appropriate methods in the diagnosis of ALS from other neurological diseases or from healthy volunteers is the gait motor signal analysis. Materials and Methods: In this study, gait signals available in Physionet database have been used. The database consists of 13 patients with ALS (ALS1, ALS2, …, ALS13) and 16 normal subjects (CO1, CO2, …, CO16). The patients participating in this study had no history of any psychiatric disorders and did not use any assistive device for walking, like wheelchair. The power spectrum of stride, swing, and stance of normal subjects and patients was computed for both left and right legs. To provide appropriate inputs for the classifier, the frequency band of the power spectrum of all signals was divided into eight equal parts. The area of all regions was computed. Three frequency band of the lower range of power spectra selected as inputs of the classifier. Results: In this study, power spectra, as frequency attributes, were used to explore probable differences of time series in both patients and healthy subjects. Conclusion: Artificial Neural Network was used to classify normal and ALS groups with the accuracy of 83% for the test data set. It seems that the present algorithm can be used in discriminating patients from normal subjects in the early stages of the disease.}, Keywords = {Gait motor signal, Signal processing, ALS disease, Neural network}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {54-61}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4024-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4024-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Farzanegi, Parvin and habibian, masoumeh and alinejad, hadi}, title = {The Combined Effect of Regular Aerobic Exercise with Garlic Extract on Renal Apoptosis Regulatory Factors in Aged rats with Chronic Kidney Disease}, abstract ={Background: Chronic kidney disease as an important risk factor is associated with some disorders which are key causes of death and disability in older people. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the combined effect of regular aerobic exercise with garlic extract on renal apoptosis regulatory factors in aged rats with chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, 42 aged male Wistar rats(48-52 weeks) were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups: control, doxorubicin, doxorubicin-salin, doxorubicin- garlic, doxorubicin - exercise, doxorubicin –garlic-exercise(combined). Chronic kidney disease was induced by a single subcutaneous injection 8.5 mg/kg of doxorubicin. Swimming training was programmed 3 days /week, 30 min/day for 8 weeks. Both the doxorubicin garlic and combined groups with garlic extract were administered by garlic gavage at a dose of 2.5 g/kg. The renal Bax and Bcl-2 levels were evaluated by ELIZA method. A one-way analysis of variance was used to data analysis (p<0.05). Results: The results showed that induced chronic kidney disease was associated with a significant increase on Bax and a decrease on Bcl-2 in aged rats. Also, 8 weeks swimming training, garlic supplementation and the combined intervention significantly reversed these changes. Furthermore, no significant difference have been observed in the effect of these interventions on Bax and Bcl-2 in aged rats with chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: It seems that the use of non-pharmacological treatment methods such as exercise training, garlic extract supplement, and combination of the both interventions may be effective in reducing apoptosis resulted from chronic kidney disease in aged rats.}, Keywords = {Aerobic exercise, Aging, Apoptosis, Chronic kidney disease, Garlic }, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {62-70}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4153-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4153-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nourian, Mahyar and Asgharian, Ali Mohammad and AsadzadehAghdaei, Hami}, title = {Lack of Association between Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα) Gene -1031C/T Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)}, abstract ={Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes two basic categories ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) that the etiology of which remains unclear. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) promoter polymorphisms are a good candidate for susceptibility to IBD as there is a significant relationship between them. The main aim of this study was to assess TNFα gene polymorphisms with IBD susceptibility at positions -1031in Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, were studied 101 patients with IBD (86 ulcerative colitis, 15 Crohn's disease) and 100 healthy controls were studied. PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) was used for determining of genotyping. In following, allele frequency and genotype distribution of polymorphism T> C in TNFα gene between the case and control groups were typed. Results: The frequency of genotype TT, TC and CC among patients was 64.4%, 28.7% and 6.9% and in control group was 63%, 29% and 8%, respectively. Also, allele frequency T-1031 of TNFα gene in IBD patients was high, while there is no statistical significant(p>0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between TNFα gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to IBD at position -1031. Our results showed that TNFα gene polymorphisms cannot be considered as a potential prognostic marker cause of IBD in Iranian population.}, Keywords = {Inflammatory bowel disease, TNF-alpha, Single nucleotide polymorphism}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {71-79}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4097-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4097-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Hamta, Ahmad and Ghadbeigi, Rezv}, title = {Studying the Association between TaqIA polymorphism in ANKK1 Gene and Heroin and Methamphetamine Addiction in Markazi Province}, abstract ={Background: ANKK1 (ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1) gene is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family. This family involved in signal transduction pathways. This gene contains Taq1A (rs1800497) single nucleotide polymorphism. The A1 allele carriers of TaqIA polymorphism have shown reduced DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2) receptors. This decrease predisposes individuals to seek for addictive substances to compensate this deficiency in dopaminergic system. The present study investigated TaqIA (rs1800497) polymorphism in heroin and methamphetamine addiction. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 91 male methadone-maintained heroin and methamphetamine addicts and 100 male healthy controls were studied. Genomic DNA extraction was carried out from peripheral blood through salting-out method and individuals were genotyped for TaqIA polymorphism by RFLP-PCR technique and TaqI enzyme was used for RFLP. Results: This survey revealed the significantly higher frequency of the A1 allele of TaqIA polymorphism in patients than control individuals (p<0.001). The frequency of A1 allele in patient and control individuals was %51 and %22.5, respectively. The A1A1 genotype was detected in 25% of patients and 7% of controls (p<0.001, OR=9.7, 95% CI=3.64-25.85). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the A1 allele of TaqIA polymorphism is significantly associated with heroin and methamphetamine addiction.}, Keywords = {Heroin and methamphetamine addiction, ANKK1 gene, Single nucleotide polymorphism, RFLP-PCR}, volume = {19}, Number = {3}, pages = {80-89}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4085-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4085-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Heidary, Mohsen and Bahramian, Aghil and Goudarzi, Hossein and Eslami, Gita and Hashemi, Ali and Khoshnood, Saee}, title = {To Study the Association between AcrAB and Qep A Efflux Pumps and Ciprofloxacin Resistance among Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae Clinical Strains}, abstract ={Background: The efflux pumps are one of the main mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics in E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains. The aim of this study is to study the association between genes coding efflux pumps AcrAB and Qep A and ciprofloxacin resistance among E. coli and K. pneumoniae clinical strains Materials and Methods: This study was done on 100 strains of E. coli isolated from Taleghani and Labbafinejad Hospitals and 100 strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from Taleghani and Mofid Children Hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Identification of genes encoding efflux pumps Acr AB and Qep A was done by PCR technique. Results: In this study, fosfomycin and imipenem had the best effect against E. coli clinical isolates and fosfomycin and tigecycline had the best effect against K. pneumoniae clinical isolates. PCR assay demonstrated that the prevalence of AcrA, AcrB and QepA genes among E. coli isolates were 92%, 84% and 0%, respectively and among K. pneumoniae isolates were 94%, 87% and 4%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of genes encoding efflux pumps in E. coli and K. pneumoniae clinical strains, which causes resistance to fluoroquinolones, is cause for concern. Therefore, controlling infection and preventing the spread of drug-resistant bacteria needs to manage medication carefully and identify resistant isolates.}, Keywords = {Klebsiella pneumoniae, Efflux pump, Fluoroquinolone, Antibiotic sensitivity}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4155-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4155-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Raeisi, Firoozeh and Ghassemzadeh, Habibollah and Karamghadiri, Narges and Firoozikhojastefar, Reihaneh and Meysami, Alipasha and Nasehi, Abbas Ali and Sorayani, Maryam and Fallah, Jalil and Ebrahimkhani, Narges}, title = {Sexual Function and Marital Satisfaction in Female with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder}, abstract ={Background: Considering the high prevalence of sexual dysfunction in females with OCD and its impact on marital satisfaction, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sexual function and marital satisfaction in a group of female OCD patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 36 females with OCD, referred to the clinic of Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital (related to Tehran University of Medical Sciences) and 3 private offices in Tehran, were selected by random sampling and completed questionnaires including: demographic FSFI, BDI-II, MOCI, OCI-R and researcher-developed marital satisfaction questionnaire. Results: 80.6% of women reported sexual dysfunction. The results of studying sexual function questionnaire subscales was as following: 50 % low sexual desire, 58.3 % low sexual arousal, 36.1 % decreased lubrication, 44 % orgasmic disorder, 52.8 % sexual pain disorder and 41.7 % sexual dissatisfaction. Furthermore, statistically significant correlation was found between sexual dysfunction (total score and arousal, lubrication, pain and satisfaction subscales) and marital dissatisfaction. Studying the relation between obession(MOCI questionnaire) and marital satisfaction revealed that the correlation between washing subscale of MOCI and marital dissatisfaction was also significant while there were not any significant correlation between obsession (OCJ-R, MOCI) and sexual function (FSFI). Conclusion: High prevalence of sexual dysfunction in OCD patients, significant relationship between obsession and marital satisfaction, and sexual function and marital satisfaction could demonstrate relationship between sexual function, OCD and marital satisfaction.}, Keywords = {Marital satisfaction, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Sexual function }, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {11-19}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4076-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4076-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Soori, Rahman and Asad, Mohammad Reza and Khosravi, Mahboobe and Abbasian, Sadegh}, title = {The Effect of Submaximal Aerobic Training on Serum Irisin Level in Obese Men; with Emphasis on the Role of Irisin in Insulin-Resistance Change}, abstract ={Background: Irisin is a new myokine that exerts its positive effects via increasing energy expenditure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of submaximal aerobic training on serum irisin level and irisin-related insulin-resistance change in obese men. Materials and Methods: In this study, 26 obese men were selected as statistical sample and they were divided into experimental groups. Former group (13 men) consisted of subjects who carried out exercise training with 50-60 percent of maximum max heart rate for 10 continuous weeks (3 sessions per week for 30 to 45 minutes in each session). Later group was consisted of subjects who do not carried out exercise training. After  the interventions of study, irisin serum levels, insulin resistance indices, body composition and maximum oxygen consumption were determined.  Finally, data were analyzed by Stata software. Results: Statistical data analysis illustrated that the amounts of irisin serum were significantly increased in exercise training group than control group (14.75±6.22; p=0.022) after the intervention. Also, only body fat percentage (1.242±0.57) and max oxygen consumption (1.509±0.328) of subjects were significantly increased (p=0.034 and p=0.0001, respectively). However, there were not statistically significant changes in irisin- related insulin-resistance indices (p>0.05).     Conclusion: Current study presented that serum irisin was increased after 30 submaximal exercise training sessions regardless of insulin resistance changes in obese men.}, Keywords = {Irisin, Insulin resistance, Obesity}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {20-30}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4283-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4283-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Salehi, Bahman and Moradi, Shirin and Ebrahimi, Somayeh and Rafiei, Mohamm}, title = {Comparison of Predictors of Boredom in Students of Arak University of Medical Sciences and Islamic Azad University}, abstract ={Background: Boredom is a psychological phenomenon that was defined as an aversive state or incompatibility with every repetitive experience while the release of stability is not allowed. Boredom has several complications. So, the goal of this study is to compare the predictors of boredom in students of Arak University of medical sciences and Islamic Azad University. Materials and Methods: The current descriptive-comparative study has been done on966 students (from Arak University of medical sciences and Islamic Azad University). The scale of current study was a checklist list of demographic information, predictors of boredom assess questionnaire, Farmer and Sundberg’boredom proneness scale. Data were analyzed by using chi-square, Pearson correlation, multivariate regression, and Fisher'sz. Results: The greatest number of students from both universities have normal boredom without a statistically significant difference between male and female students (p=0.06). University factor had the highest average between students. Totally, boredom had a significant correlation with each of the home (p=0.000) and society (p=0.001) factors. All three factors including home (p=0.033), university (p=0.033) and society (p=0.031) can explain and predict boredom in male and female students. Conclusion: The results showed that university factor was the most important factor for predicting boredom between college students. Thus, in order to avoid adverse effects of boredom on students educational activities, this phenomenon and its causes should be considered.}, Keywords = {Boredom, Student, University}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {31-41}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4177-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4177-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Alimohammadi, Masumeh and Yeganeh, Farshid and HajiMollaHoseini, Mostaf}, title = {Downregulating the Expression of CHID1 by Chitin Microparticles Mixed Leukocyte Culture}, abstract ={Background: chitin and its derivates microparticles (MPs) have immunomodulatory activities. In this study, we examined the effect of size, purity and acetylation degree of chitin MPs on CHID1- encoding SI-CLP, involved in inflammation- gene expression in mixed leukocyte culture. Materials and Methods: Small (<40m) and medium(40-70m) sized chitin MPs were prepared by sonication, and they were used in treatment of leukocyte mixed culture in comparison with chitosan and also shrimp shell small-sized MPs. Neutral red uptake assay and microscopic examination of apoptosis were used to assess cytotoxicity of MPs. Finally, following cell treatment with MPs (100 μg/mL) for 48h, expression levels of CHID1 gene were determined by Real Time PCR. Results: Different concentrations of chitinous MPs hadn’t any cytotoxic effects. In gene expression analysis, small-sized chitin MPs (<40 µ) resulted in down regulation of CHID1 gene expression (p=0.004), while other MPs didn’t change it significantly. Conclusion: Size, purity and acetylation degree of chitin MPs influence their interference in immune cells interactions and it seems small-sized chitin MPs can potentially modulate immune responses through decreasing CHID1 gene expression. Using small-sized chitin MPs may be effective to treat allergies which their treatment strategies rely on modulating the immune responses.}, Keywords = {Chitin, Chitinase, chitosan, Immune modulation}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {42-50}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4219-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4219-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {AlianFini, Fatemeh and Ghasemi, Mortez}, title = {Studying the Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of Physical and Mental Health Questionnaire, Based on the Holistic Wellness Model}, abstract ={Background: Mental health is an important aspect of health and the World Health Organization defines health as "full physical, mental and social welfare, and not merely the absence of disease". Given that 79 percent of the health education focused on physical aspects, in fact, the most focus is on biological parameters of people to measure their health. So we need a valid questionnaire to measure mentally and physically the health of people in the research community. Materials and Methods: The Holistic Wellness Model reflects that the researches is done on health which is different in variant cultures perspectives.102 managers and officials of Islamic Azad University of Arak participated in this studyin 2014 and the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were analyzed using the software SPSS20. Results: 102 people were enrolled in this study, 74 males (72.5%) and the rest were female. Cronbach' Alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire was 0.93.In all six aspects which reviewed, the correlation between all questions and its perspective was measured by using Spearman test. There was a significant positive correlation among all the questions and the related aspects. Conclusion: The Persian version of physical and mental health questionnaire, based on the Holistic Wellness Model, is suitable to assess the health of people. Also, validity and reliability is appropriate.}, Keywords = {Mental and physical health questionnaire, Reliability, Validity.}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {51-59}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4276-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4276-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Kadkhodayan, Somayeh and Irani, Shiva and Sadat, Seyed Mehdi and Fotouhi, Fatemeh and Bolhassani, Azam}, title = {Cloning, Expression and Purification of the Recombinant HIV-1 Tat-Nef Fusion Protein in Prokaryotic Expression System}, abstract ={Background: Nef is one of the HIV-1 critical proteins, because it is essential for viral replication and AIDS disease progression and induction of immune response against it can partially inhibit viral infection. Moreover, a domain of the HIV-1 Trans-Activator of Transcription (Tat, 48-60 aa) could act as a cell penetrating peptide (CPP). In current study, cloning and expression of Tat-Nef fusion protein was performed in E. coli for the first time. The protein expression was confirmed by western blot analysis and was purified using reverse staining method. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, primarily, cloning of Tat-Nef fusion gene was done in pGEX6p2 expression vector. Then, the expression of Tat-Nef recombinat protein in E.coli BL21 (DE3) strain was performed by using IPTG inducer. The protein expression was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting using anti-Nef monoclonal antibody. Then, the recombinant fusion protein was purified from gel using reverse staining method. Results: The results of PCR analysis and enzyme digestion showed a clear band of ~ 726 bp in agarose gel indicating the correct Tat-Nef fusion cloning in pGEX6p2 prokaryotic expression vector. In addition, a 54 kDa band of Tat-Nef on SDS-PAGE revealed Tat-Nef protein expression that western blot analysis using anti-Nef monoclonal antibody confirmed it. Conclusion: The purified Tat-Nef recombinant fusion protein will be used as an antigen for protein vaccine design against HIV infection.}, Keywords = {HIV virus, Nef, Tat, Recombinant protein, E. coli, Vaccine}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {60-68}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4231-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4231-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nourbakhsh, Fahimeh and Momtaz, Hass}, title = {Evaluation of Phenotypic and Genotypic Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Isolated from Hospital Infections in Shahrekord, 2015}, abstract ={Background: Biofilm formation is one of the pathogenicity factors of Staphylococcus aureus that can help the bacteria to stick to the other surface and also increase antibiotic resistance pattern. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic indices for formating biofilm in Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated from infectous samples. Materials and Methods: 250 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from hospital infections were selected. Antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by using disk diffusion method. The ability of biofilm formation was investigated by molecular and phenotypic method. Results: In this study, 73.5% of isolates were able to bind strongly, 5.33% had the ability of medium connection and 15.4% had the ability of weak connection in biofilm production. The frequency of icaC and icaB genes were 67.3% and 63.2%, respectively. 92.2% of biofilm producing isolates have mecA gene. Conclusion: The spread of antibiotic resistance in isolates especially isolates that produce biofilm will create serious problems in the hospital therapeutic wards.}, Keywords = {Staphylococcus aureus, Shahrekord, Biofilm}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {69-79}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4253-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4253-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Vesaliakbarpour, Leila and Samavatisharif, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Comparing the Effect of Two Kinds of Endurance Swimming Training on Lipid Peroxidation and Muscles Damages Indexes in Serum Levels of Male Wistar Rats}, abstract ={Background: Endurance training can lead to tissue damage and destruction by creating oxidative stress. But, it seems that exhaustive and endurance swimming indicated different results with each other. The purpose of this research was to compare two kinds of endurance swimming training on levels of LDH, CK and MDA in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: 18 male Wistar rats with 12 weeks old, weighting 250 to 300 g, were randomly divided into three groups (6 in each): 1) endurance swimming (EN), 2) exhaustive swimming (EX) and 3) Control (C). Both groups swam for 1 h/d and 5 d/w for 10 weeks. Swimming duration in EX groups was increased progressively by fiveth weeks, by 30 min/week, reaching 3 h/d by final 3 weeks of traninig protocol. In this duration, C group didn't receive any intervention. One day after the end of training protocol, blood samples of rats were obtained on vena cava. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) was measured with DGKC method and malondialdehyde (MDA) through reaction with TBA. Results were analyzed using the one- way ANOVA followed by a Tukey test. Significant level was 0.05. Results: EN groups significantly increased the levels of CK compared with EX and C groups (p=0.001), when indicated significantly lesser levels of MDA than C group (p=0.011). But, no significantly difference observed in the levels of LDH. Conclusion: It seems that endurance swimming creates more muscle damage, while were generates lesser lipid peroxidation.}, Keywords = {Lipid peroxidation, Muscle damage, Endurance swimming, Exhaustive swimming}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {80-88}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4134-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4134-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Abdolrazaghi, Hosseinali and Riyahi, Azade}, title = {The Efficiency of Medial Plantar Skin Flap for Reconstructing Heel after Excision of Heel Melanoma}, abstract ={Background: This essay reports a case about tissue defect of heel due to melanoma excision. Patient history: The patient was a man 60 years old with a heel ulcer that had reported malignant melanoma in biopsy. Then the ulcer was done under wide local excision. Materials and Methods: We should use flap for tissue defect coverage that tendon and heel bone are exposed from it. It seems using skin graft is not useful, because skin graft in persistent contact with shoes will get chronic ulcer. Among different flaps (sural flap or medial plantar flap), we decided to use medial plantar flap. The advantage of this flap is its sensority and low volume. Conclusion: Conclusion with due attention the results, The meial planter flap, as an efficient method, is adviced to teconstruct heed specially after excision of melanoma.}, Keywords = {Heel defect, Heel melanoma, Heel reconstruction, Medial plantar Flap}, volume = {19}, Number = {4}, pages = {89-95}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4115-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4115-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Badbareh, Sonia and Zeinali, Ali}, title = {The Relationship between Childhood Abuse Experiences with Dark Triad Traits of Personality among Students of Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch, 2015}, abstract ={Background: One of the most important effective environmental factors in shaping personality disorders is childhood abuse experiences. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood abuse experiences with dark triad traits of personality among university students. Materials and Methods: This descriptive- analytical study was a correlational study. The statistical population included all university students in Islamic Azad university of Urmia branch in year 2015. Totally, 400 students were selected through randomly cluster sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires of childhood abuse experiences and dark triad traits of personality. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS-19 software and by Pearson’s correlation and multivariate regression method. Results: Physical abuse had a negative significant relationship with narcissism (r=-0.099) and had a positive significant relationship with psychopathy (r=0.248) and Machiavellism (r=0.189). Emotional abuse had a positive significant relationship with narcissism (r=0.089), psychopathy (r=0.164) and Machiavellism (r=0.245). Sexual abuse had a negative significant relationship with narcissism (r=-0.108). Neglect abuse had a positive significant relationship with narcissism (r=0.157) and had a negative significant relationship with psychopathy (r=-0.208) and Machiavellism (r=-0.171). Also, childhood abuse experiences significantly predicted 7.6 percent of variance of narcissism, 7 percent of variance of psychopathy and 6.7 percent of variance of Machiavellism (p≤0.05). Conclusion: According to findings of this research, counselors and therapists must consider the symptoms of these variables and design appropriate programs based on them to prevent shaping dark triad traits of personality.}, Keywords = {Childhood abuse, Experiences, Personality, Students, Traits}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4268-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4268-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Parvaee, Pegah and Mondanizadeh, Mahdieh and Khansarinejad, Behzad and EmamiRazavi, Amir Nader}, title = {To Select the Appropriate Reference Gene for Normalizing the Quantitative Data to Assess MicroRNAs in Plasma Samples of Patients with Gastric Cancer}, abstract ={Background: Circulating microRNAs are promising biomarkers in diagnosis and assessment of cancerous patients. Quantitative Real-time PCR assay is a sensitive test for evaluating the levels of miRNAs expression. Nevertheless, there is no concurrence on selecting appropriate reference genes for qPCR analysis of miRNAs in circulation. Therefore, the current study aimed to select a suitable reference gene for normalizing the RT-qPCR assay results in plasma samples of patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Based on previously published studies, three molecules SNORD47, U6 RNA, and miR-103 were selected as the candidate reference genes. After RNA extraction from plasma samples of 40 patients with gastric cancer and 40 healthy individuals, expression levels of these molecules were evaluated using Real-time PCR method. Results: The results showed that the developed assays are able to diagnose their specified targets by a suitable linear range. By comparing patients and control groups, although the expression levels of miR-103 molecule were not equal between the two groups (p= 0.017), SNORD47 and U6 RNAs had similar expression levels. However, the variations of SNORD47 expression were lower that U6 RNA. Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, the SNORD47 molecule has a stable expression levels in plasma samples of patients with gastric cancer and normal individuals and can be used as an appropriate reference gene for normalizing the quantitative data of qPCR assay.}, Keywords = {Gastric cancer, miRNAs, RT-qPCR, Reference gene}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {12-20}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4400-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4400-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Tavalaee, Raede and Moazedi, Ahmad Ali and GharibNaseri, Mohammadkazem and Akhond, Mohammadrez}, title = {The Role of Muscarinic Receptors on spasmolytic Activity of Hydroalcohlic Extract of Parsley(petroselinum crispum)Seed in Adult Male Rat\'s Ileum}, abstract ={Background: because of the side effects of chemical drugs, using plant drugs was considered during recent decades. Based on previous studies, various concentrations of plant extracts can reduce ileum contraction caused by KCl and carbachol. Therefore, in this study, the role of muscarinic receptors in anti-spasmolytic activity of hydroalcohlic extract of parsley(petroselinum crispum)seed in adult male rat's ileum was investigated. Materials and Methods: The distal part of Wistar rat’s ileum was separated and its contractions were recorded under 1 gr stretching and 37oC temperature in the bathroom containing the solution of Tyrode by Isotonic method. The ileum tissue was inserted in separately in first group affected by KCl and parsley seed, in the second group affected by KCl and carbachol with concentration 10-2 mg/ml and after that parsley seed, the third group affected by carbachol with concentration 10-2 mg/ml and then the extraction of parsley seed and the fourth group affected by scopolamine with concentration 10-3 M and after that KCl and then the extraction of parsley seed. Results: Non-cumulative concentrations of extract reduced the ileum contraction caused by KCl (60mM) in a concentration-dependent form (p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the effect of extract in the presence of carbachol and extract concentration 0.2 mg/ml (p<0.01). There was no significant difference between the effect of extract in the presence of carbachol without stimulating tissue by KCl (60mM) with extract concentration 0.2mg/ml (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the effect of extract in the presence of scopolamine with extract concentration 0.2mg/ml(p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the hydroalcholic of parsley seed extract has a relaxatory effect on rat’s ileum. Carbachol with KCl has a synergistic effect on smooth muscle contraction of the ileum wall and muscarinic receptors do not involve in the inhibitory function of parsley seed extract.  }, Keywords = {Contraction, Ileum, Carbachol, Scopolamine}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {21-30}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4190-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4190-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {HajizadehMoghaddam, Akbar and kianmehr, Asghar}, title = {The Protective Effect of Quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) Leaf Extract on Locomotor Activity and Anxiety-Like Behaviors in a Ketamine Model of Schizophrenia}, abstract ={Background:  Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating psychiatric disorder affecting 1% of the population worldwide. As for key role of free radicals in the development of this disease and that Quince leaf is a natural source of antioxidant substances, this study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Quince leaf extract on locomotor activity and anxiety-like behaviors by an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine in male mice in a ketamine model of schizophrenia. Materials and Methods: In the experimental research, male adult mice were divided into six groups including: control, Sham (received water orally and saline intraperitoneally), psychosis group (received 10 mg/kg/day ketamine i.p. for 10 days) and treated psychosis groups (received 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg/day). Treated groups received hydroalcoholic Quince leaf extract orally for 3 weeks before injection of ketamine. Extract gavages continue for 5 days after the last ketamine injection. Locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavioral changes were measured in the open-field test. Results: The results showed that chronic administration of ketamine increases horizontal locomotor activity and anxiety like behaviors (p≤0.001) and pretreatment of Quince leaf extract effectively decreases horizontal locomotor activity (p<0.001) and increases duration that spends in middle area of Open field (p<0.01) and vertical ocomotor activity(p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this research showed that chronic administration of Quince leaf extract improves locomotor disorder and induced anxiety-like behaviors by having antioxidant properties in a ketamine model of schizophrenia.}, Keywords = {Hyperlocomotor activity, Ketamine, Mice, Quince leaf extract, Schizophrenia }, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {31-41}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3969-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-3969-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Donyapoor, Fatemeh and Zeinoddini, Mehdi and Saeedinia, Ali Rez}, title = {Cloning and Expression of Recombinant Immunotoxin using Diphtheria Toxin and Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF)}, abstract ={Background: Immunotoxin (IT) is a directed toxin containing two distinct sections (immune and toxin parts) covalently bond using specific chemical or peptide linkers. The aim of this study is to produce a recombinant and hybrid protein containing diphtheria toxin (DT) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). Materials and Methods: According to the structure of the first commercial recombinant immunotoxin (Ontak, hybrid protein containing DT fused interlukine2), gene encoding of DT and G-CSF was amplified using specific primers and plasmid template of pET-IDZ3 (pET21 harboring the gene encoding ontak immunotoxine) and pET-GCSF (pET23 harboring G-CSF), respectively. The DT-GCSF fusion protein produced using soeing PCR and specific primers. Finally, pET-DT-GCSF construction prepared using subcloning of DT-GCSF into pET21a(+) and confirmed by sequencing, SDS-PAGE and western blot technique. Results: Gene encoding of DT-GCSF inserted into NdeI/EcoRI site of pET21 and the construction of strain producing DT-GCSF recombinant immunotoxin was confirmed using customary methods. Conclusion: The cytokine fusion protein, DT-GCSF, could be used for the inhibition of G-CSF receptor bearing cancer cells.}, Keywords = {Immunotoxin, Diphtheria toxin, Granulocyt colony stimulating factor, Protein expression}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {42-50}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4210-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4210-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Riyahi, Azade and YazdaniGhadikolaii, Samira and Kalantari, Minoo and Jalili, Nasrin and Dalvand, Hami}, title = {Studying the Occupational Therapists Prediction Consistency of Future Manual Ability of 4-18 Years Old Cerebral Palsy’s Patients with Manual Ability Classification Sysyem (MACS)}, abstract ={Background: Determining the level of manual ability of children with cerebral palsy has significant role in scheduling care and providing supportive services by organizations such as the a social welfare office. Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) is responsible for this critical matter. In Mazandaran Province, the prediction of manual ability is intuitive and is done without tools. This study aimed to investigate the consistency between operational therapists prediction of future manual function of children with cerebral palsy and MACS scale. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a cross sectional trial. The study population consisted of 12 occupational therapists working in Mazandaran’s rehabilitation center under the social welfare office. Firstly, occupational therapists chose 100 children with cerebral palsy and classified their future manual ability into five levels according to their prediction. Then the researcher classified the children based on MACS scale. Finally, the amount of prediction consistency between therapists and researcher was statisticaly analyzed. Results: The weighted kappa coefficients of MACS scale were 0.671 in first level and 0.747 in fifth level that show good agreement in these two levels. This coefficient was 0.417 in third level and 0.444 in forth level that shows fair agreement. The weighted kappa coefficient was 0.358 in second level that indicates slight agreement. Conclusion: With prediction consistency between operational therapists and researcher, MACS is used as a suitable means for classifying the level of manual ability in children with cerebral palsy and predicting their needs to adaptive and auxiliary devices by occupational therapists in rehabilitation centers and social welfare offices.}, Keywords = {Cerebral palsy, Manual ability, Manual ability classification system, MACS scale}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {51-59}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4239-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4239-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Fakhri, Azam and Sari, Soyar and Ebrahimi, Ahm}, title = {Screening of AR Gene CAG Repeat Variations in Iranian Women with Endometriosis}, abstract ={Background: Endometriosis disease is considered as a common disease dependent on androgen hormones. Androgens have different effects on endometrial growth. Androgen receptor as a signal transduction pathway could have a key role in regulating the process. Over hundreds of mutations leading to resistance gene function in androgen receptor (AR) has been recorded. Among these, the seuaence of CAG repeat in exon 1 had the largest share of studies related to the disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the AR gene CAG repeat variations in Iranian women with endometriosis. Materials and Methods: In this study, 100 women with endometriosis and 100 healthy women as controls were selected. Exon 1 was amplified using PCR. Products of PCR were studied to determine CAG repeat variation in acrylamide gels. Results: The number of CAG repeats in each group was determined between 18-26 repeats (mean±standard, 18.35±3.3). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, no significant differences were found between the two groups of healthy women and women with endometriosis. The number of CAG repeats in each group was determined between 18-26 repeats which indicates a lack of relationship between CAG repeat diversity and endometriosis. According to the information, this study was conducted on patients with endometriosis in iran for the first time, although studies with larger sample are needed.}, Keywords = {Androgen receptor, Polymorphism, Endometriosis, CAG repeat variations}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {60-66}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4319-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4319-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Ghorbanian, Bahloul}, title = {The Relationship between Lymphocytic ABCA1 Protein with IL10 and TNF-α Cytokines Followed by one period Interval Combined Exercise Training in Overweight and Obese Male Adolescents}, abstract ={Background: The study on rats showed that some of cytokines and proteins which were produced by macrophages and other cells, plays a critical role in regulating of ABCA1 expression. But, in this area, the study in human subjects, especially subsequent physical activity has not performed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between lymphocytic ABCA1 protein with IL-10 and TNF-α cyrokines subsequent eight weeks interval combined exercise training (ICET) among overweight and obese boy adolescents. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 28 students (16.93±1.89 yr, 88.07±9.98 kg and 28.35±2.55 kg/m²) were randomly selected and assigned into training (n=13) and control (n=15) groups. Exercise protocol was ICET (8WK, 4 d/wk, 70 min/d).Cell hemolysis and sensitive Elisa method was used for evaluating ABAC1 protein T-student tests and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data. Results: The survey changes of post to pre-test of ABCA1, IL-10 and TNF-α showed that there was a positive significant correlation between lymphocytic ABCA1 protein with IL-10 (r=0.43, p=0.032) and a negative significant correlation with TNF-α (r=-0.53, p=0.012) (p<0.01) after eight weeks training. Also, after exercise, ABCA1 level was significantly increased but the levels of in creased IL10 and decreased TNF-α were not significant. Conclusion: Due to the increased lymphocytic ABCA1 protein concentration and the correlation between variables following training, the results prove that TNF-α and IL-10 may have negative and positive regulatory effects on lymphocytic ABCA1 protein expression, respectively.}, Keywords = {ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), IL10, TNF-α, Interval combined endurance training, overweight and obese boy adolescents}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {67-77}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4320-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4320-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Maktabi, Maryam and Kamali, Alireza and TaghaviJelodar, Hamedeh and Shokrpour, Maryam}, title = {Comparing the Effect of Topical and Subcutaneous Bupivacaine Infiltration with Cutaneous Ketamin on Postoperative Pain in Patients Candidating Abdominal Hysterectomy under General Anedthesia}, abstract ={Background: Hysterectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures. Only after cesarian section, hysterectomys considered as second major surgical procedure. Problems such as severe pelvic pain, irregular or heavy bleeding and uterine cancer are cases that hysterectomy is used to care them. Abdominal pain after abdominal hysterectomy is one of the most common complaints of patients undergoing this type of surgery. This study aimed to compare the effects of bupivacaine into the subcutaneous tissue and skin ketamine to control pain after surgery in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized, double-blind clinical trial involving 99 women candidating for TAH referred to Taleghani center in Arak who were divided into three groups. The average duration of analgesia and pain and pain score were recorded. Results: The average duration of analgesia in ketamine group, in the bupivacaine group and in the placebo group was 65.1±8.8, 65.4±8.7, and 57.6±5.5, respectively. According to p≤0.01, there was a significant difference between the three groups. The duration of analgesia in the placebo group was significantly lower than ketamine and bupivacaine groups, while that between ketamine and bupivacaine in terms of the average duration of analgesia, no significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that the use of bupivacaine and cutaneous ketamine is effective in reducing postoperative pain in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy and further doses of ketamine and bupivacaine single dose resulted in a significant reduction of postoperative pain in patients compared to the placebo group.}, Keywords = { Abdominal hysterectomy, Bupivacaine, Ketamine, Postopevative pain}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {78-85}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4232-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4232-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nourbakhsh, Parisa and Merzaei, Rezvan and Yeganeh-Fard, Fatemeh and Mosayebi, Ghasem}, title = {Serum Level of Chemerin in Patients with Breast Cancer}, abstract ={Background: Breast cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related death and the most common solid malignancy in women worldwide. Chemerin as a new adipokine has an inflammatory activity that initiates inflammation via chemotaxis of immature DCs and macrophages. This study aimed to evaluate the level of chemerin in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study that was performed as a case-control study, we enrolled 45 patients with breast cancer in Vali-asr hospital from June to December 2015 (age range, 18-60 years) and 40 healthy volunteers as a control group (age range, 22-56 years). The patients with invasive breast were selected before mastectomy. The level of serum chemerin was measured by ELISA kit. Results: The results showed that the mean serum chemerin level in the breast cancer patients (1536 ±608 ng/L) was significantly lower than the normal individuals (1919±544 ng/L),(p=0.04). There is no correlation between the level of chemerin with body weight, stage of disease, duration of disease and the number of white and red blood cells. Conclusion: With due attention to the inflammatory role of chemerin, decreasing the serum chemerin level in patients with breast cancer may be related to the consumption of chemerin in the inflammatory responses or immunosuppression by tumor. The low level of chemrerin may be suitable for tumor growth and progression.}, Keywords = {Adipokine, Breast cancer, Chemerin}, volume = {19}, Number = {5}, pages = {86-91}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4281-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4281-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, Nasim and VallianBorujeni, Sadegh}, title = {Analysis of Genetic Variation of rs1542705 Marker in SMPD1 Gene Region as an Informative Marker for Molecular Diagnosis of Niemann-Pick Disease in Isfahan Population}, abstract ={Background: Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) refers to a group of lysosomal storage diseases that causes abnormal metabolism of lipids. One of the genes that play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease is SMPD1. To date, more than hundred disease- causing mutations have been identified in SMPD1 gene. Due to the large number of mutations in this gene, direct analysis of the mutations is costly and time-consuming. Therefore, indirect linkage analysis using polymorphic markers as an alternative method for molecular diagnosis of the mutations has been recommended. In the present study, allele frequency of rs1542705 genetic marker was analyzed in the Iranian population. The aim was to determine the polymorphic information content (PIC) and the possibility of its application in indirect diagnosing of NPD. Materials and Methods: After bioinformatics analysis of the SMPD1 gene region, rs1542705 marker was selected for genotyping in Isfahan population. In order to calculate the allele and genotype frequency of the marker, molecular tests were done on 113 DNA samples of unrelated healthy individuals by using ARMS-PCR technique. Finally, the information related to the genotype of the individuals was statistically analyzed using Powermarker and Genepop software. Results: The analyses showed that the studied population was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequency of rs1542705 marker for T and C alleles was 71.24% and 28.76%, respectively, and the heterozygosity of the marker was 43.36%. Also, polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.325. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that rs1542705 marker could be considered as an informative marker for molecular diagnosis of Niemann- Pick disease using linkage analysis in the studied population.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Single nucleotide polymorphism, Niemann- Pick disease, Iranian population, ARMS PCR, SMPD1}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4366-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4366-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Pakyari, Reza and Rafiei, Mohammad and Abolhasani, Somayeh}, title = {Statistical Analysis of Failure Time of the Molar Tooth Using Goodness-of-Fit Technique for Interval Censored Data}, abstract ={Background: The failure time of permanent tooth is of the form of interval censored since the exact time of tooth decay is not available and it is only known that tooth decay occurs between two consecutive visits. There are a few techniques available in the literature for the problem of goodness-of-fit for interval censored data. In this paper, we propose a new goodness-of-fit testing procedure for interval censored data and employ this for the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth (sixth tooth) data. Materials and Methods: Two methods of goodness-of-fit for interval censored data that are based on randomly generated data from each interval and averaging over the test statistics or over the p-values are employed for the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth data. Results:  The mean of the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth is found to be at 95 months. The p-values of the two goodness-of-fit testing procedures for the Weibull, log-normal and gamma models are calculated. Conclusion: By comparing the p-values, the log-normal model is considered as the best model to describe the failure time of the first permanent molar tooth data.}, Keywords = {goodness-of-fit test, Interval censored data, p-value.}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {11-18}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4321-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4321-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Pouriamanesh, Sara and Kamalian, Ziba and Shafaat, Pedram and AminBidokhti, Mona and Salsabili, Nasser and Mirfakhraei, Rez}, title = {Analysis of Y Chromosome Microdeletions and Mutation in Exon7 of the STAG3 Gene in Iranian Infertile Men with Idiopathic Non-Obstructive Azoospermia}, abstract ={Background: Azoospermia is defined as the absence of sperm in the semen and is divided in two types; obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. Non-obstructive azoospermia include approximately 60% of azoospermia patients. Several genetic and environmental factors can be involved in the development of non-obstructive azoospermia. Until now, several genes have been introduced as the causing factor of the azoospermia that are involved in spermatogenesis and testicular development. These genes are located on Y and/or autosome chromosomes .The aim of the present study was to investigate Y chromosome microdeletions and STAG3 gene mutations in Iranian males with non-obstructive azoospermia. Materials and Methods: In this study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from 122 men with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia and 100 Normo-sperm men who had at least one child and DNA was extracted. Samples were investigated for the presence of Y chromosome microdeletions by Multiplex PCR. Then, existence of probable mutations in exon 7 of STAG3 gene was investigated using MSSCP (multi-temperature single-strand conformational polymorphism) method. Results: 13 patients (10.66%) had Y chromosome microdeletions, but none of the subjects showed mutation in exon 7 of STAG3 gene. The Y chromosome microdeletions were found in none of the control individuals. Conclusion: The results showed that Y chromosome microdeletions are the most important cause of non-obstructive azoospermia and should be considered as the main candidate for male infertility diagnostic tests. Mutations in the STAG3 gene are not common among non-obstructive azoospermia patients.}, Keywords = {Microdeletion, Y Chromosome, Azoospermia, Mutation, STAG3.}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {19-26}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4370-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4370-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {jamilian, Mehri and Bakhshayeshy, Somayeh}, title = {To Study the Effect of Calcium Plus VitaminD Supplementation on Nitric Oxide and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obess Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome}, abstract ={Background: Few studies have examined the effects of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).This study was conducted to determine the effects of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles among overweight women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 104 overweight and obess women with PCOS. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups to receive: 1) 1000 mg/d calcium+ vitamin D placebo; 2) 50000 IU/weeks vitamin D; 3) 1000 mg calcium/d and 4) calcium placebo + vitamin D placebo for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks intervention to measure metabolic profiles. Results: After administrating calcium plus vitamin D supplementation, a significant decrease was observed in serum insulin (-3.3±11.4 vs.-1.1±8.5, -1.4±3.0 and +3.1±6.1 µIU/ml, p=0.03), insulin resistance (-0.7±2.4 vs.-0.3±2.5, -0.2±0.6 and +0.8±1.9, p=0.04), malondialdehyde (-0.6±0.3 vs.-0.1±0.2, -0.5±0.2 and +0.6±0.4 µmol/L, p=0.009) and a significant rise was seen in total antioxidant capacity (+35.2±21.7 vs.+22.5±37.7, +21.1±34.1 and -153.8±65.2 mmol/L, p=0.006) and glutathione (+216.0±79.3 vs.-47.5±60.2, +3.9±31.3 and -160.8±82.9 µmol/L, p=0.001) compared with vitamin D, calcium and placebo groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation for eight weeks among women with PCOS had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.}, Keywords = {Calcium, Vitamin D, Supplementation, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Metabolic profiles}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {27-36}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4275-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4275-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Khalafi, Mousa and Shabkhiz, Fatemeh and AzaliAlamdari, Karim and Bakhtiyari, Afari}, title = {Irisin Response to Two Types of Exercise Training in Type 2 Diabetic Male Rats}, abstract ={Background: Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine that is reduced with type 2 diabetes and improves insulin resistance via the browning of white adipose tissues. However, irisin response to two types of exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes is unknown. Materials and Methods: In this study, 22 diabetic Wistar rats (Induced by high-fat diet and injections Stz) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: high intensity interval exercise (HIIT), low intensity continuous training (LICT) and control (C). Both HIIT and LICT groups trained on the treadmill 5 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken 24 hours after the last training session and plasma irisin, insulin and glucose levels were measured. ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used to analyze data and the level of significance has been considered at p≤0.05. Results: Data analysis showed that plasma irisin levels in the HIIT group were significantly increased compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between other groups (p>0.05). Plasma glucose in both HIIT and LICT groups was significantly decreased compared to the control group (p<0.05). But plasma insulin levels and insulin resistance index were not different between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that exercise training can increase plasma irisin in rats with type 2 diabetes. However, these changes are partially dependent on the type of exercise training.}, Keywords = {High intensity interval training, Low intensity continuous training, Irisin, Insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {37-45}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4242-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4242-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Zarinara, Alireza and Akhondi, Mohammad Mahdi and Zeraati, Hojjat and Kamali, Koorosh and Mohammad, Kazem}, title = {Methodology for Designing Models Predicting Success of Infertility Treatment}, abstract ={Background: The prediction models for infertility treatment success have presented since 25 years ago. There are scientific principles for designing and applying the prediction models that is also used to predict the success rate of infertility treatment. The purpose of this study is to provide basic principles for designing the model to predic infertility treatment success. Materials and Methods: In this paper, the principles for developing predictive models are explained and then the design of such models in infertility treatments is described in more details by explaining one sample. Results: The important principles for models that firstly are described are: identifying and defining the purpose, expected function of model, input data that will be used to develop a model: type of intervention or diagnostic procedures that can lead to changes in the samples and output definition or expected result of model function. Further, characteristics of predictive factors in final model, drawing the information flowchart, internal and external validation and attention to the analysis programme of results are the important subjects that have been described. Conclusion: If predictive models are used properly, can help treatment team and patients to achive best treatment in ART.}, Keywords = {Predictive model, Infertility treatment, Treatment success.}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {46-56}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4209-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4209-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Saeedi, Nader and Rezvanfar, Mohammadreza and Hadidi, Mehdi and AsgharizadehMahani, Farvah and Ahmadlou, Mojtab}, title = {The Effect of Active VitaminD on Treatment of Proteinuria in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy without Vitamin D Deficiency}, abstract ={Background: The renin-angiotensin system(RAS) has a major role in development of diabetic nephropathy and blocking of RAS by inhibitors and blocking of angiotesin receptors is standard treatment for preventing kidney disease and proteinuria. It is reported that VIT-D analogues are able to suppress renin exertion and improve proteinuria. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of VitD analogue (calitriol) on reducing proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 132 eligible patients that had diabetic nephropathy and hadn’t vit D deficiency were selected. The patients were divided into two equal groups. First group received the combination of losartan 25mg twice daily and calcitriol 0.25mg and second group received losartan 25 mg twice daly alone for 3 months. The FBS, lipid profile, ESR-CRP BUN, Cr, HbA1c, Ca, P, and 24 hours urine protein were evaluated in all patients at beginning and end of study and the results were statistcally compared. Results: The 24-hour urine protein in losartan and calitriol group was improved compared to losartan. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.003). As well as, in kidney function (BUN, Cr) in the losartan and calcitriol group compared to losartan alone was significantly improved(p<0.05). Conclusion: Combination of calcitriol with angiotesin receptor blockers(ARBs) is more effective than ARBs alone in improvement of proteinuria and real function.}, Keywords = {Chornic kidney diseases, Diabetic nephrophty, VitD, Losartan, Proteinuria, Calcitriol}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {57-67}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4214-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4214-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Tahmasebi, Parisa and KazemiNezhad, Seyed Reza and Tabatabaiefar, Mohammad Amin and MohammadiAsl, Javad and Saki, Nader}, title = {Genetic Linkage Analysis of DFNB2 Locus with Autosomal Recessive Hearing Loss in Families Negative for GJB2 Mutations in Khuzestan Province}, abstract ={Background: Hearing loss is a common sensory impairment in humans which half of its causes are genetic reasons. Genetic hearing loss can be divided into the two types of syndromic and non-syndromic, which 80% of non-syndromic cases is Autosomal Recessive Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss. The aim of the present research is to determine the contribution of DFNB2 locus (MYO7A gene) in causing an autosomal recessive hearing loss in the one group of the deaf families of Khuzestan province. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 26 families with autosomal recessive hearing loss (with 4 patients) and negative for GJB2 mutations in Khuzestan province. 22 families suffered from ARNSHL and 4 families suffered from Usher syndrome. Linkage analysis was performed by using STR (Short Tandem Repeat) markers related to DFNB2 locus. Each family’s genotype was determined by PCR-PAGE method. Furthermore, haplotypes drawing and LOD score calculations were performed. Results: From 26 families with hearing loss participating in this research, following genetic linkage analysis and haplotypes drawing, two families (7.7% of the families) showed linkage to DFNB2 locus. One family (4.5%) suffered from ARNSHL and another family suffered from Usher syndrome. Conclusion: The results of the present research show that the contribution of DFNB2 locus in causing hearing loss in the population of Khuzestan province was similar to other studies conducted in Iran and this locus with other important loci should be considered to check in the hearing loss panel.}, Keywords = {Autosomal recessive hearing loss, DFNB2 locus, Genetic Linkage.}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {68-77}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4393-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4393-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Gorzi, Ali and Taherkhani, Leil}, title = {The Effect of Folate Supplementation on Ghrelin of Stomach and Insulin Level of Serum in Male Wistar Rats during 10 Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training}, abstract ={Background: High intensity training can lead to lower the appetite. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of folate supplementation on ghrelin level of stomach and insulin level of serum in male wistar rats during 10 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT). Materials and Methods: Twenty seven male Wistar rats (weight= 203.94±27.34 gr, Age: 9 weeks) after one week familiarization, were randomly divided into four groups: control (n=6), folate supplementation (n=6), (HIIT) (n=7) and HIIT+ folate supplement (n=8). HIIT training protocol started with 30 m/min running on treadmill for 1 min with 10 reps and 2 min active rest at the first week and reached to 75-80 m/min for 1 min with 7 reps and 3 min active rest at last 3 weeks. Acylated ghrelin level of stomach tissue and serum level of insulin were assayed by ELISA kit. Results: The results of Kruskal-vallis analysis showed that the ghrelin level of stomach was increased significantly (p=0.001) in folate+HIIT in compare with HIIT group. Also, insulin level of serum was decreased significantly (p=0.001) in folate +HIIT in compare with control and HIIT groups. Conclusion: Based on our results, folate supplementation during high intensity interval training, increased the ghrelin of stomach and decreased the insulin level of serum. So, it seems that folate supplementation can prevent from losing appetite in athletes who train with high intensity training with interval type.}, Keywords = {Appetite, Folate supplementation, Ghrelin, High intensity interval training, Insulin.}, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {78-86}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4338-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4338-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Yavari, Abdoreza and Fatehi, Farhad and Dalvand, Hamid and Valizadeh, Akram and Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah and Mirhoseini, Farideh Sadat}, title = {Prevalence of Speech Disorders in Arak Primary School Students, 2014-2015}, abstract ={Background: The speech disorders may produce irreparable damage to childs speech  and language development in the psychosocial view. The voice, speech sound production and fluency disorders are speech disorders, that  may result from delay or impairment in speech  motor control mechanism, central neuron system disorders, improper language stimulation or voice abuse. Materials and Methods: This study examined the prevalence of speech disorders in 1393 Arakian students at 1 to 6th grades of primary school. After collecting continuous speech samples, picture description, passage reading and phonetic test, we recorded the pathological signs of stuttering, articulation disorder and voice disorders in a special sheet. Results: The prevalence of articulation, voice and stuttering disorders was 8%, 3.5% and%1 and the prevalence of speech disorders was 11.9%. The prevalence of speech disorders was decreasing with increasing of student’s grade. 12.2% of boy students and 11.7% of girl students of primary school in Arak had speech disorders. Conclusion: The prevalence of speech disorders of primary school students in Arak is similar to the prevalence of speech disorders in Kermanshah, but the prevalence of speech disorders in this research is smaller than many similar researches in Iran. It seems that racial and cultural diversity has some effect on increasing the prevalence of speech disorders in Arak city.}, Keywords = {Articulation disorders, Prevalence, Speech disorders, Stuttering, Voice disorder }, volume = {19}, Number = {6}, pages = {87-94}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4245-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4245-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Hakimi, Fatemeh and Ranji, Najmeh and FaeziGhasemi, Mohamm}, title = {Mutations in nalC gene in ciprofloxacin resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from hospitals and laboratories of Guilan province in 2014-2015 years}, abstract ={Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major nosocomial pathogen that due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance to a wide spectrum of antibiotics poses a threat in clinical settings. One of the drug resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa is mutation in negative regulators of efflux pump systems such as nalC. The aim of this study was investigation of nalC mutations in P. aeruginosa isolates from some Rasht hospitals and Lahijan laboratories.   Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, forty-five P. aeruginosa strains was isolated from several Rasht hospitals and Lahijan laboratories between 2013 to 2014 and identified by biochemical tests. The antibiotic resistance and susceptibility of isolates was determined by Kirby Bauer method and microdilution method. Then PCR-sequencing was carried out to assess nalC mutations in ciprofloxacin resistant isolates. Results: In this study, the most P. aeruginosa strains was isolated from urine sample (53%), followed by burned strains (31%). The most resistance was seen to erythromycin (100%) and the lowest resistance was seen to ciprofloxacin (~31 %). The highest MIC of ciprofloxacin was determined in some strains >512 μg/ml. Sequencing results showed that 12 ciprofloxacin resistant isolates had one or several missense mutations G71E, S209R and  E153Q in nalC gene. Conclusion: Given that mutation was defined in most isolates in this study, it seems that mutation in nalC gene plays an important role in ciprofloxacin resistance of nosocomial P. aeruginosa isolates in Guilan province.}, Keywords = {Ciprofloxacin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mutation, nalC}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {12-21}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4365-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4365-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {HameidiZad, Zeinab and Hajihashemi, Saeed and Rahbari, Ali and Ghanbari, Fatemeh}, title = {The effects of CoenzymeQ10 on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity}, abstract ={Background: Gentamicin (GM) is one the aminoglycoside antibiotics which isroutinelyused to treatinfections gram-negative, either alone or insynergistic withbeta-lactamantibioticsused. However, frequent useleads toserious side effectssuch asrenal toxicity, ototoxicity. Coenzyme Q10 has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties. According to these properties of Coenzyme Q10 and tissue damage mechanism in GM induced-nephrotoxicity, in this study, the effects of these two substances for the co-treatment and post -treatment on renal injury induced by gentamicin were investigated. Materials and Methods:  Experiments has been done on 77 male Wistar rats in weight range of 200 to 250 g. Animals were divided randomly into 5 groups of 7 numbers. Renal nephrotoxicity induced by i.p injection of gentamicin (100mg/kg) Therapeutic effect of coenzyme Q10 (10mg/kg)in the two protocols co-treatment  and post-treatmentwas investigated.The animals after the last injectionon the ninth day of co-treatment andthe seventeenth day of post-treatmentwere placed into individual metabolic cages so as to collection urine and urine volume was measured gravimetrically. Afteranesthesia, systolic blood pressure and renal blood flow was measured. Then blood sampling was done. Amount of urea, creatinin, sodium, potassium and osmolarity was measured in plasma and urine samples. Left kidney, for doing histological experiments in 10% buffered formaldehyde and right kidney for biochemical experiments in fluid nitrogen was preserved. Results: Co-treatment with Coenzyme Q10 significantly decreased fractional excretion of sodium (6.37±1.33 %; p<0.001) and decreased fractional excretion of potassium(219.14±83.8 %; p<0.001) MDA levels (2.13 ±0.24µmol/gkw; p<0.001), and significantly increased renal blood flow (6.38 ±0.1ml/min: p<0.01) and FRAP levels (24.44±0.42mmol/gkw; p<0.001). Post-treatment with coenzyme Q10 significantly decreased fractional excretion of sodium (3.58 ±0.57 %; p<0.001), potassium (111.77±29.4%; p<0.001) and MDA levels (3.08 ±0.12µmol/gkw; p<0.001) and significantly increased renal blood flow (6.74±0.15ml/min: p<0.001) and FRAP levels (24.34±0.75mmol/gkw; p<0.001) that is reduced by gentamicin. Conclusion: According to the results, this study showed thatpost- treatment with coenzyme Q10more protective effect on the kidney tissue andAnda greater increase inantioxidant defensecreated.}, Keywords = {Nephrotoxicity, Gentamicin, coenzyme Q10, cobalamin}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {22-35}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4250-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4250-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {ranjbar, Rohullah and Habibi, Abdolhamid and Abolfathi, Farzaneh and Nagafian, Najeme}, title = {The effect of aerobic interval training on IL-6 and IL-10 serum concentration in women with type II diabetes}, abstract ={Background: Known inflammatory factors in type II diabetes and complications are delaying adjustment this factor, it is an effective approach in preventing complications.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks aerobic interval training on interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 serum levels, in women with type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this study, 18 patients with type II diabetes in Ahvaz city, were randomly divided into the two experimental group (n=10) and control group (n=8). The experimental group did the aerobic interval training and pedaling on the ergometer bicycle with 65 to 80 percent of their maximum leg power for three times a week during the eight weeks. The blood samples were prepared in two pre-test and post-test steps to measure the interleukin-6  and interleukin-10 serum levels through ELISA method. Results: Statistical analysis showed that after eight weeks of aerobic interval training, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 serum levels, related to the experimental group had no significant difference in comparison with control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that doing the aerobic interval training for three times a week during eight weeks with 65 to 80 percent of maximum leg power, it has no effect on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory indices, in women with type II diabetes.}, Keywords = {Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10, Aerobic interval training, Diabetes }, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {36-45}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4331-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4331-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {SalehJafari, Neda and Zamanibarsari, Farzad and Jamilian, Hamidreza and Sadeghisede, Bahman and Zafari, Hamidrez}, title = {Comparative efficacy of diclofenac suppository and acetaminophen suppository alone And simultaneous prescription in controlling pain after tonsillectomy surgery in children}, abstract ={Background: The definite treatment of indicated Hypertrophy of the tonsils is Tonsillectomy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and necessity of diclofenac suppository and simultaneous prescription of acetaminophen alone in controlling and reducing pain and improving swallowing and satisfaction after surgery for tonsillectomy in children. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 180 children 7 to 14 years Tvnsykltvmy surgery were enrolled. Patients in an improbable way, easy and were divided into three groups of 60. Immediately after the surgery acetaminophen, diclofenac, or a combination of both was used. The cases of pain in the early hours, seventh, thirteenth and nineteenth after surgery were compared. Results: There was a significant difference between the average pains of all groups in all hours (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups from the point of view of side effects such as Nausea, Vomiting and Pyrexia (p<0.05), But there was no significant difference between the groups from the point of view of After Surgery Bleeding (p>0.05). Conclusion: We can say that Rectal Diclofenac is a more effective medication for reducing pain after the Tonsillectomy surgery in contrast with Rectal Acetaminophen or a mixture of the two, which may cause the patients to use less Narcotics after the surgery.}, Keywords = {acetaminophen, diclofenac, pain, tonsillectomy}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {46-55}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4204-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4204-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {AttarzadehHosseini, Seyyed Reza and MotahariRad, Morteza and MoienNeia, Navideh}, title = {The effect of two different intensities resistance training on muscle growth regulatory myokines in sedentary young women}, abstract ={Background:  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training with different intensities on serum myostatin and follistatin levels in sedentary young women. Materials and Methods: In this practical and semi experimental study, 24 sedentary young women with range of 20-30 years and BMI 22-25 kg/m2 were selected by convenience sampling. Then, the volunteers were randomly assigned into two groups, [resistance training group with low intensity (40-60% of one repetition maximum) and high intensity (70-90% of one repetition maximum)]. The training protocols included: 8 weeks, 3 times a week. Blood samples (5cc) were obtained at baseline and 48 hours after at the end of the study; Also Serum levels of myostatin and follistatin were measured by ELISA methods. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance of repeated measures test by SPSS at the significant level (p<0.05). Results: There was a significant increase in the levels of follistatin and follistatin to myostatin ratio in high intensity group (p≤0.05). Also there was a significant decrease in the levels of myostatin in high intensity group (p≤0.05); however, there was no significant change in the levels of follistatin, myostatin and follistatin to myostatin ratio in low intensity group (p≥0.05). Also there was no significant change in these variables in high intensity group compared to low intensity group (p≥0.05). Conclusion: It’s seems that the activation of important myogenic and myostatic factors in sedentary young women need to do high intensity resistance training.}, Keywords = {resistance training, follistatin, myostatin, sedentary young women, myokine}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {56-65}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4375-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4375-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Koolivand, Ali and Ghanadzadeh, Mohammad Javad and Rajaee, Mohammad Sadegh and Mousavi, Rahim}, title = {Quantity & quality analysis and associated management practices of solid waste generated in the general dentistry offices in the city of Arak, 2015}, abstract ={Background: As dental solid waste are among the most important environmental pollutants due to its high contents of toxic and hazardous agents, suitable treatment and management of it are of great importance. The objective of this study was to quantity & quality analyses of dental solid waste and associated management practices in the general dentistry offices in the city of Arak. Materials and Methods: 15 samples of solid waste were taken from the 5 selected general dentistry offices, classified into 66 components and 4 fractions, and then the quantity & quality characteristics were evaluated. Management practices of the solid waste were also investigated by using a questionnaire. Results: According to the results, per capita and the average generation rate of each dentistry office were 66.71 g/day-patient and 1340.45 g/day, respectively. Potential infectious, domestic-type, chemical & pharmaceutical, and toxic wastes consisted of 54.25%, 35.14%, 8.19%, and 2.14% of the waste generated, respectively. 10 components including latex gloves, nylon & plastic, saliva & blood-contaminated kleenex, paper & cardboard, used ampoules, saliva ejector tubes, gypsum, food waste, saliva & blood-contaminated dental rolls, and nylon gloves were responsible for more than 80% of the total waste generated, respectively. Conclusion: Each fraction of dental solid waste (toxic, chemical & pharmaceutical, potential infectious and domestic-type wastes) should be separately collected and disposed of according to the related criteria.}, Keywords = {Dental solid waste, Potential infectious waste, Domestic-type waste, Chemical & pharmaceutical waste, Arak}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {66-74}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4384-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4384-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Goshvarpour, Atefeh and Abbasi, Atalollah and Goshvarpour, Ateke}, title = {The role of gender differences in response to emotional music: a comprehensive analysis of autonomic signal characteristics}, abstract ={Background: Individual differences, especially gender, have an important role on individuals responds to the emotions. In cognitive science investigations, the analysis of biological signals has been introduced as a confident way to evaluate such responses. In this paper, by adopting a comprehensive approach on biomedical signal processing techniques, a precise examination on women and men differences in affective responses has been provided into different emotional stimuli, including fear, sadness, happiness, and peacefulness. Materials and Methods: Accordingly, signal processing methods were divided into three general categories, linear, wavelet, and non-linear based techniques. In the proposed method, different features from each of three categories and from three autonomic signals, including electrocardiogram (ECG), finger pulse, and galvanic skin response (GSR), were extracted. To induce emotions in participants, validated emotional pieces of music were broadcast in four affective classes. Results: The results indicate the different patterns of responses into affective incentives in women and men. The differences were more noticeable in the features of pulse signal than those of the other signals. Among emotional classes, fear resulted in the highest rate of distinction between men and women emotional responses. Conclusion: By the comprehensive evaluation of autonomic signals and different signal processing techniques, this study has tried to offer a new insight for better understanding of gender differences in emotional responses. In addition, it will help the researchers to adopt appropriate decisions in identifying efficient processing approach to deal with large amount of information achieved from signal analysis.}, Keywords = {Emotions, Gender, Signal Processing, Statistics}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {75-90}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4373-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4373-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Niazi, Fateme and Tehranipour, Maryam and Shahrokhabadi, Khadije}, title = {The effects of alcoholic leaf extract Ocimum basilicum on angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane}, abstract ={Background: Angiogenesis is an important biological processes of new blood vessels in many pathological stages of development and embryo development occurs and a complex and dynamic phenomenon that is needed for development and other physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of alcoholic Ocimum basilicum leaf extract on angiogenesis chick chorioallantoic membrane is done. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 40 Ross fertilized eggs were randomly divided into four groups: control, sham-exposed and experimental groups were divided. The second day of incubation the eggs window was opened. Eighth day of the alcoholic extract of basil doses of 50 and 150 mg/kg on chick chorioallantoic membrane was injected. On day 12, embryos length and weight and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was photographed by photostereomicroscope Then the numbers and lengths of vessels in special area on CAM were measured with Image J. analyzed through by t-test and ANOVA (P<0.05). Results: The data does not show significant difference between embryos length and weight in sham compare to all experimental groups. In the study vessels number just with 150 mg/kg observed significant. Conclusion: Alcoholic extract of basil is an increase in the number of vessels and in this sense the healing and growth processes associated with them as well as effective.}, Keywords = {angiogenesis, chorioallantoic membran, chick embryo, extract alcoholic Ocimum basilicum}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {91-98}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4408-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4408-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Ahmad, Hamta and jamshid, Ansari and Zahra, Bayati}, title = {Lack of the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (L55M) in PON1 gene and susceptibility With Breast Cancer in Markazi Province}, abstract ={Background: Breast cancer is both the prevailing malignancy and the most common cause of cancer death among women. Many factors may play a role in the susceptibility to the breast cancer and Oxygen Free Radicals may be one of these. There are various known antioxidant systems against oxidative stress, including ParaoxonaseI. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between rs854560 polymorphism in the PON1 gene in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We performed genotyping analysis using polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay in a case–control study of 83 confirmed breast cancer patients and 100 cancer-free controls in Markazi Province. Results: In our study of the PON1 gene L55M polymorphism, the LL genotype was found in 2 (2.40%) patients, whereas the LM genotype was found in 69 (83.13%) patients. The MM genotype was present in 12 (14.45%) patients. In the control group, LL, LM and MM genotypes were found in 4 (4%), 81 (81%), and 15 (15%) subjects, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between patient and control groups in terms of the PON1 gene L55M polymorphism (p= 0.825). Allele distributions were different but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p= 0.920). Conclusion: We found no association between M55L polymorphism and breast cancer.}, Keywords = {breast cancer, oxidative stress, Paraoxonase1, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism}, volume = {19}, Number = {7}, pages = {99-106}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4132-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4132-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {EskandariMehrabadi, Maryam and Salemi, Zahr}, title = {Comparison of serum nesfatin-1 level in type 1 and 2 diabetic rats}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus was induced, when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin (diabetes type 1) or is unable to use insulin properly (diabetes type 2). In this study, we compare serum nesfatin-1 level in type 1 and 2 diabetic male rats. Materials and Methods: 18 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 3 groups: control, diabetes type 1, and diabetes type2. Diabetes type 1 was induced by a single injection of STZ (55 mg/kg) and diabetes type 2 was induced by STZ (60 mg/kg) and NA (110 mg/kg). Weight, FBG (fasting blood glucose), insulin, nesfatin-1were measured in all groups after 6 weeks. Results: Nesfatin-1 levels were increased in diabetic rats compared to the control. Its level in serum was significantly higher in type 2 compared to type 1 diabetic rats. Serum insulin and body weight were reduced significantly in diabetic rats compared to control. Body weight was lower significantly in type 1 than type 2 diabetic rats. FBG was increased significantly in diabetic rats compared to control and it was higher in type 2 compered to type 1 diabetic rats significantly. Conclusion: The results indicated that nesfatin-1 level in serum of type 2 diabetic rats was higher than type 1, probably because of higher weight and less destruction of beta cells in type 2 diabetic rats.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Adipokine, Streptozotocin, Insulin}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4379-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4379-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Babaei, Homeyra and Chabavizadeh, Javaher and Dehghan, Parvin and Mohammadi, Rasoul}, title = {Identification of Clinical Isolates of Candida using Duplex PCR}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Candida albicans is still the main etiologic agent of candidiasis. However, infections of non-albicans Candida species are increasing. Candida dubliniensis is similar to C. albicans phenotypically and must be identified due to the better management of infection. The aim of the present study is to defferentiate and identify Candida species by Duplex PCR for getting an epidemiological data of Candida species among clinical specimens. Materials and Methods: DNA was extracted using phenol-chloroform method from fresh colonies. Internal Transcribed Spacer region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. Based on differences of bands sizes on agarose gel electrophoresis, species were identified. Results: Ninety four out of 100 patients (49 males and 51 females) had predisposing factors in the present study. Diabetes (73.4%), use of antibiotic (6.3%), vitamin deficiency (4.3%) were the main predisposing factors. The most specimens belonged to mouth (75%), vagina (5%), and blood (4%). All isolates were identified as C. albicans. Conclusion: Duplex PCR is a rapid and precise method for the detection and differentiation of Candida species carefully, and in this method, phenotypic tests like germ-tube and chlamydoconidia production, as well as biochemical tests are not required for clinical laboratories that have limited resources and time for response to the patients, and it can replace with the traditional methods.}, Keywords = {Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Differentiation, Duplex PCR}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {8-15}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4622-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4622-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Barari, Masomeh and Sari, Soyar and Ebrahemi, Ahm}, title = {Screening of Common Chromosomal Disorders in Iranian Women with Hydatidiform Mole using QF-PCR}, abstract ={Abstract Background:  Hydatidiform Mole is a benign trophoblastic tumor is made of ectopic pregnancy. Abnormalities in the number or structure of chromosomes are causes of Hydatidiform Mole common numerical disorders resulted from proliferating repetitive sequences markers as called STR were studied in the region of chromosome X, Y, 13, 18 and 21. This study aimed to investigate chromosomal disorders prevalent in women with hydatidiform mole that was performed using QF-PCR techniques. Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 women with hydatidiform mole and 80 healthy women as controls were selected. For studying the chromosomal abnormalities resulted of proliferating STR, Chromo Quant QF-PCR kit was used. Polymerase chain reaction was performed in PCR machine. Then electrophoresis was performed on Genetic Analyzer. Finally, amplified fragment were analyzed by Gene Marker software Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 19, and t-test. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. In this test, p <0.05 represents significant level between two groups. Results:  In this study ،of 50 samples, 8 samples of 47XXY (16%), 40 samples of trisomy 21 (80%) and 2 cases of trisomy 18 (4%) were identified. Conclusion: Anomalies Trisomy 21 (41 ± 1.58) and 47XXY (9.62 ± 1.36) are significantly associated with mydatidiform mole disease (p <0.001). The highest percentage of samples with trisomy 21 and 47XXY had the disease. So, it indicates that these anomalies have the highest percentage in the disease.}, Keywords = {Chromosomal disorders, Hydatidiform mole, QF-PCR.}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {16-25}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4477-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4477-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Parastesh, Mohammad and Heidarianpour, Ali and Bayat, Mohammad and Saremi, Abbas}, title = {Effects of Resistance Training on Serum Level of Reproductive Hormones and Sperm Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Rats}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with reductions in fertility indices. Resistance training, on the other hand, through reducing the adverse effects of diabetes, exerts a positive impact on diabetic individuals. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of ten weeks of resistance training on serum levels of reproductive hormones and sperm parameters in Wistar rats with diabetes mellitus type 2. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 36 Wistar rats with mean weight of 200±50 were randomly assigned to healthy control, diabetic control and diabetic training groups. The diabetic resistance training group received ten weeks of resistance training (climbing up the ladder) following the induction of diabetes. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, left epididymis of the rats was examined for studying sperm parameters and blood serum samples were examined for evaluating reproductive hormones. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s Post Hoc test at 0.05%. Results: Ten weeks of resistance training induced significant increases in serum testosterone and FSH levels in the resistance training group in comparison to the diabetic group (p<0.007).Resistance training did not have any significant effects on serum LH levels in the resistance training group compared to the diabetic control group. In addition, sperm parameters (sperm count, survival rate and motility) presented significant improvements compared to the diabetic group(p<0.05). Conclusion: Resistance training can improve sperm parameters, including sperm count, survival rate and motility, through increasing serum testosterone, LH and FSH levels (reproductive hormones) in rats with diabetes mellitus type 2.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 2, Reproductive hormones, Resistance training, Sperm parameters}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {26-36}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4612-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4612-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Jamilian, Mehri and Zolfi, Zeinab}, title = {Study the Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Lipid Profiles, Insulin Sensitiv-ity and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome}, abstract ={Abstract Background: We are aware of no study evaluating the effects of zinc supplementation on metabolic profiles of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on glucose homeostasis parameters in PCOS women. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 52 women diagnosed with PCOS and aged 18-40 years old. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to receive 220 mg zinc sulfate (containing 50 mg zinc) supplements (n=26) or placebo (n=26) per day for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention to quantify glucose and insulin. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, zinc-supplemented patients had reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (-4.3±9.6 vs. +0.5±6.0 mg/dL, p=0.03), serum insulin (-3.0 ± 2.9 vs. + 1.5 ± 8.4 µIU/ml, p=0.01), serum triglycerides levels (-15.6±40.3 vs. +14.5±25.3 mg/dL, p=0.002) and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity (+0.02±0.02 vs. -0.004±0.05, p=0.03) compared with the placebo. Conclusion: Taken together, 220 mg zinc sulfate supplementation per day for 8 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.}, Keywords = {Insulin metabolism, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Supplementation, Zinc }, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {37-47}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4440-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4440-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Dehghan, Leila and Dalvand, Hamid and Yavari, Abdolreza and Shariatmadari, Fakhreddin and Valizadeh, Akram}, title = {To Determine the Needs of Mothering Handling Training for Family Caregivers and Children with Cerebral Palsy at Home based on Gross Motor Function Levels in the City of Arak}, abstract ={Background: Understanding the real needs of children with cerebral palsy and their families  helps the therapists to provide adequate health care service for them. This study aimed to determine the needs  of  mothering handling training for family caregiving of children and youth with CP at home based on the level of gross motor function. Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive, analytical and cross sectional study that was performed on 186 children 4-12 year olds with CP from the rehabilitation clinics in the city of Arak. They were selected by simple and purposeful sampling. Clinical tests were Gross Motor Measure Function Classification System Expanded & Revised (GMFCS E&R) to assess the severity of gross motor function lesions and canadian Occupational performance measure (COPM) to determine the needs. Data were analyzed by descriptive tests such as: statistical test and two-way ANOVA. Results:  The most important need of mothering handling training was self care training specially toileting, feeding, eating and functional mobility related to children with CP in the level of V of GMFCS E&R (transported in a manual wheelchair). There were no significant differences in needs of mothering handling training in areas of sex and severity of gross motor function lesions (p>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that therapists should combine maternal handling trainings with other interventions in therapy programs, especially in the area of self- care.}, Keywords = {Child with cerebral palsy, Gross motor function classification system, Mothering handling}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {48-56}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4410-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4410-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Soleymani, Esmaeil and Habibi, Mojtaba and Tajoddini, Emrah}, title = {The Assessment of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies, Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Anxiety Sensitivity in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis}, abstract ={Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the cognitive emotional regulation strategies, sensory processing sensitivity and anxiety sensitivity in patients with multiple sclerosis and normal people. Materials and Methods: Statistical population of this study was all of patients with multiple sclerosis that referred to M.S association of Iran in the Tehran. Sample of this study was 30 individuals of patients with multiple sclerosis selected by available sampling method and were matched with 30 individuals of normal people. Two groups completed cognitive emotion regulation, high sensory processing            sensitivity and anxiety sensitivity questionnaires. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Results:  The results indicated that there is significant difference between two groups in view of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in which the mean of scores of patients with multiple sclerosis in maladaptive strategies of self- blame, catastrophizing and other blame were more than normal people and mean of scores of them in adaptive strategies of positive refocusing, positive reappraisal and putting into perspective were less than normal people. The results also indicated that there is a significant difference between two groups in anxiety sensitivity and sensory processing sensitivity. Conclusion:  The most of emotional problems in patients with multiple sclerosis can be the result of more application of maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation, high sensory processing sensitivity and high anxiety sensitivity. }, Keywords = {Anxiety sensitivity, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategie, M.S, Sensory processing sensitivity}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {57-66}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4460-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4460-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Fattahi, Esmaeil and HemayatkhahJahromi, Vahi}, title = {Protective Effects of Eryngium Caucasicum Trautv Hydroalcholic Extract on Tricyclazole Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Eryngium caucasicum Trautv has antioxidant properties due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. So, the present study was done to investigate the protective effects of Eryngium caucasicum Trautv extract on tricyclazole induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 42 mice were divided into 6 groups including control, sham, tricyclazole (TCZ) and three experimental groups. The mice in the tricyclazole group, received 50 mg/kg TCZ via intraperitoneal injection and experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 received respectively 100,200and 400 mg/kg of extract via gavage for 4 weeks and 2 days per week.  The sham group received only sterile water. At the end, serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP, serum concentration of albumin and total bilirubin were measured. Also, total phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the extract were measured. Data were analyzed by using ANOVA. Results: Tricyclazole increased serum levels of aminotransferase, phosphatase alkaline and total bilirubin and decreased serum concentration of albumin. But, treatment with extract decreased liver enzymes and bilirubin and increased levels of albumin (p<0.05). Amount of total phenolic compounds and the flavonoids were measured 91.16 mg/gr galicacid in extract and 84.48 mg/gr quercetin in extract, respectively. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that Eryngium caucasicum Trautv extract due to the presence of high phenolic compounds has protective effects on tricyclazole induced hepatotoxicity.}, Keywords = {Eryngium caucasicum trautv, Hepato protective, Phenolic compounds, Tricyclazole.}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {67-78}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4553-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4553-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Kavoosian, Saeid and Asgharian, Ali Mohammad and Ataei, Rami}, title = {Association of Polymorphism of LRP4 Gene (rs 4752947) among Post Meno-pause Women with Osteoporosis in North of Iran}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Osteoporosis is describesd as a disorder and skeletal disease that decrease bone strength and increases the risk of a bone fractures. Genetic factors have effect role in the progression of the osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between LRP4 gene polymorphism with osteoporosis in a population of postmenopausal women from north of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 80 female patients with osteoporosis and 80 healthy females without osteoporosis with average age of 45-60 has been investigated. After DNA extraction from genome samples, polymorphism of LRP4 (rs4752947) gene have been investigated by PCR-RFLP method. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Our results showed no significant relationship between polymorphism of LRP4(rs4752947) gene and the risk of osteoporosis disease in two patients and control groups. Also, AT genotype and TT genotype compared with AA genotype increased the chance of disease by 1379 and 3.5, respectively. In addition, TT alleles compared with AA alleles, increased the chance of osteoporosis up to 1.605 times. Conclusion: Of course, more complementary studies considering other LRP4 gene subtypes with more individuals for better findings are needed.}, Keywords = {LRP4, Osteoporosis, Polymorphism }, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {79-87}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4367-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4367-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mirazi, Naser and Gholami, Maryam}, title = {Study of Protective Effect of Avicennia marina Leaf Hydroalchoholic Extract on Bone Marrow tissue in Male Rate induced with CCl4}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Carbon tetrachloride is one of the chemical toxins, disturbing bone marrow texture and changing the serum blood proteins. In this study, the protective effect of Avicennia marina leaf extract on bone marrow texture of rats induced by carbontetrachloride is investigated. Materials and Methods: 42 male rats were divided randomly in to 6 groups: group induced by CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride 1:1 with olive oil, 2 ml/kg single dose, i,p), sham(taking olive oil, 2ml/kg i,p single dose) and control (taking normal saline, 2ml/kg, i,p single dose ). Treated groups (1,2 and3): induced by carbon tetrachloride 1:1 with olive oil, 2ml/kg single dose and then after two hours treated by 200mg/Kg, 400mg/Kg and 800mg/kg AME /day for 96 hrs, i,p) After the examination the blood samples were collected from heart directly and WBC and blood proteins such as Albumin, total protein separation of serum and Sections sternum bone were analyzed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and statistical significance differences were accepted at(p<0.05). Results:  The necrotic bone marrow texture, WBC, serum Albumin and total protein of the treatment groups showed a significant increase rather than group induced by CCl4(p<0.001). Conclusion:  The Avicennia marina leaf has active antioxidant and flavonoids compounds which probably have protective effects on bone marrow texture from toxic agents such as CCl4.}, Keywords = {Avicennia marina, Blood proteins, Bone marrow, CCl4.}, volume = {19}, Number = {8}, pages = {88-98}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4299-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4299-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nokani, Mostafa and Keypoor, Maryam and Alaghmand, Anita and Ahmadizahrani, Elham}, title = {Affectiveness of Memantine in Improvement of Cognitive Deficits in Specific Learning Disorder}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Specific learning disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent difficulties in learning academic skills in reading, written expression, or mathematics. This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of memantine in the relief of cognitive deficits (selective attention, sustained attention, and working memory) in specific learning disorder. Materials and Methods: This study is a clinical trial. Of all children 8-12 years referred to Amir Kabir Hospital 94 patients diagnosed with specific learning disorder based on DSMV diagnostic interview referred by specialist and randomly divided by two groups, memantine and placebo. Cognitive deficits before and after treatment were measured with continuous performance test, Stroop test and Wechsler Digit Span forward and reverse and Corsi test. Results: Multivariate analysis of variance showed a significant difference in error when answering, omission answer and corrected answer in continuous performance test, but this difference is not significant in response time. Difference in forward, reverse and collected auditory was significant and not significant in the auditory span. In active visual working memory at corsi cube test, difference was significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that memantine in improvement of sustained attention, auditory working memory and visual working memory, is effective, while in selective attention is not effective and according to similarities of learning disorder and Attention deficit / Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the effectiveness of memantine in improvement of symptoms of ADHD, we can also use this drug in improvement of cognitive deficits of specific learning disorder.  }, Keywords = {Cognitive deficits, Memantine, Specific learning disorders}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4391-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4391-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {BalaghiInaloo, Faranak and Shakeryan, Saeed and Ghanbarzadeh, Mohsen and Fatemitabatabaei, Rez}, title = {The Effects of Two Acute Eccentric and Concentric Exercises on Serum Irisin Level and Insulin Resistance Index in Inactive Obese Women}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Recently a myokine named irisin has been discovered that effects on obesity, metabolism and glucose homeostasis through browning white adipose tissue and thermogenesis. However, the effects of type and intensity of exercises on it have remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two acute eccentric and concentric exercises on serum irisin level and insulin resistance in obese sedentary women. Materials and Methods: The study was quasi-experimental. 15 female students with a body mass index above 30 kg/m2 and mean age 24.86±2.87 years participated in the study. After measuring the maximal uptake oxygen of participants, they did two acute eccentric and concentric exercises using treadmill in a cross-over design within 10 days. After at least 8 hours- fasting, blood samples were collected before and immediately after each activity, to measure the levels of irisin, glucose and insulin. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. In addition, Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between variables. Results: the irisin levels increased significantly after both types of exercises (p<0.05), that this increase in concentric activity was more than eccentric activity. Insulin resistance increased immediately after both exercises as well, that this increase in concentric exercise was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: However, both eccentric and concentric exercises had no effect on improving insulin resistance in obese women, but they can be considered as a good stimulus for the secretion of Irisin.}, Keywords = {Concentric exercise, Eccentric exercise, Insulin resistance, Irisin, Obesity}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {12-21}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4521-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4521-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Pourimani, Reza and Sadeghi, Hosein and ZahediNejad, Mohamm}, title = {Investigation of Natural Radioactivity in Igneous Rocks and Estimation of Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk due to Gamma Radiation in Mahallat, Iran}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Amount of natural background   ionizing radiations in environment depends on kind of soil, stones and geographical conditions. Hot springs of Mahallat facilities are annually visited by many tourists. Determination of environmental radioactivity and excess lifetime cancer risk is very important. Materials and Methods: In this research, twenty four samples of igneous and travertine rocks from a region (300 hectares) and four water samples of Mahallat hot springs were collected. The specific activities of radionuclides were determined for all samples by using gamma ray spectrometry method and employing high purity germanium detector with 30% relative efficiency. Results: External and internal hazard indices for igneous rocks, water and two travertine samples varied from 0.00 to 0.71 and for two another travertine samples obtained from 8.17 to 22.50.  The average of annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) was determined as 0.36 and 0.20 mSv/y and also the average of excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) was calculated as 0.23 × 10-3 and 0.12×10-3 for igneous and travertine rocks, respectively. Maximum acceptable value and world wide average of ELCR are 10-3 and 0.29×10-3, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this research show that the hazard indices and ELCR for magma region are less than unity and world wide average respectively. Therefore; there is no consequence for people health. So, the radioactivity only around the orifice of hot springs where radium compositions are deposited, is more than maximum acceptable value.}, Keywords = {Cancer risk, Hot spring, Igneous rock, Specific activity}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {22-33}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4469-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4469-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Charghan, Sahar and EshaghHarooni, Hooman and Moazedi, Ahmad ali and Khaje-pour, Lotfolah}, title = {Interaction of Zinc Chloride with an Aromatase Inhibitor (Letrozole) on Anxiety in Adult Male Rats}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Aromatase is an enzyme converts androstenedione and testosterone to estrone and estradiol, respectively. According to the role of testosterone and zinc in reducing anxiety and the relation between androgenic system function and zinc supplementations, in this research, the effect of zinc chloride injection was analysed in rats which aromatase enzyme was inhibited by aromatase inhibitor (letrozole). Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (weighing 225±25 g) were used. Animals were divided into 12 groups and based on their weight, aromatase inhibitor (letrozole) was injected (subcutaneously), and 30 minutes later, ZnCl2 or its solvent (saline) was injected intra-peritoneal. Control group was received both solvents (DMSO and saline) respectively. Anxiety levels were tested in the elevated plus maze 30 minutes after the last injection, and thereafter, open field was used for measurement of the locomotors activity of animals. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in the percentage of time spent in open arms in letrozole (1.25 mg/kg) treated group as compared to that of solvent group. The locomotors activity significantly decreased between letrozole (1.25 mg/kg) with the control group. The combined groups received letrozole (2.5 mg/kg) and different amounts of zinc chloride (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg), significantly reduced (p<0.05) the percentage of time spent in the open arm, comparing to the control group. Groups that received the combination of zinc chloride (2.5 mg/kg) and different amounts of letrozole (1.25, 5, 10 mg/kg), showed no significant difference in the percentage of entry and time spent in the open arms. Conclusion: Totally, the present study suggests that letrozole alone increased anxiety and decreased locomotors activity and could interfere with anxiolytic effect of ZnCl2 as well.}, Keywords = {Anexiety, Aromatase inhibitor, Letrozole, Rat, Zinc chloride. }, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {34-45}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4297-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4297-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Dorreh, Fatemeh and Namdari, Anahit}, title = {Studying the Effect of Injected Dexamethasone and Inhaled Epinephrine on Inhaled Salbutamol-Treated Children with Acute Bronchiolitis}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Acute bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infant and one of their hospital admission reasons. Due to the high prevalence of the disease and unclear effectiveness of existing treatments, the present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of single dose of injected dexamethasone and inhaled epinephrine in patients with acute bronchiolitis treated with inhaled salbutamol. Materials and Methods: In this double-blinded clinical trial, 90 infants with age of 2-24 months who were admitted to hospital with acute bronchiolitis were studied. All patients received inhaled salbutamol (0.15 mg/kg) and then were randomly assigned to three groups (n=30) of dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg), inhaled epinephrine (0.15 mg/kg) and control (distillated water). Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), arterial blood oxygen saturation (O2 sat) and respiratory distress scores (RDS) of children at baseline, 30, 60,120 minutes and, 24 hours after intervention were recorded and compared between groups. Results: The mean of HR, RR and RDS had significant improvement and the mean of O2 sat had significant rising trend and improvement during the study in all groups (p<0.05). The mean of HR in epinephrine group was upper than placebo in all measurements (p<0.001). RDS in epinephrine group was significantly upper than dexamethasone (p=0.002, CI95%=0.58- 2.69) and placebo (p=0.014, CI95%=0.27-2.8)  Conclusion: Based on the result of present study, it seems that inhaled epinephrine or injected dexamethasone have no superiority to placebo in treating infantile acute bronchiolitis and their administration is not recommended.}, Keywords = {Acute bronchiolitis, Dexamethasone, Inhaled epinephrine, Pediatrics}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {46-58}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4398-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4398-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Rahimi, Shekoofeh and Nasiri, Mahboobeh and Ariannia, Saeideh and Farrokhseresht, Rez}, title = {Association of GADD45A Gene Polymorphism with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease among Patients in South of Iran}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with broad clinical manifestations, but unclear etiology. Extensive tissue damage occurs due to the production of auto-antibody against nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens. Regarding the involvement of GADD45A gene in cell cycle control, T-cell proliferation suppression, and genome epigenetic regulation, this case-control study was done for the first time to evaluate the association of rs581000 polymorphism in 5’ near gene with the risk of SLE among patients in south of Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 102 patients with SLE in comparison with 118 healthy controls. Genotyping of the GADD45A rs581000 polymorphism was performed using T-ARMS PCR. Results: The T allele was significantly more frequent in the controls (0.13) than in the patients (0.01) with SLE (p<0.001). The frequency of genotypes carrying at least one C allele (CC+CG) was higher in control group (14.4%) compared to patient group (1%), and this allele showed protective effect against the risk of SLE (p<0.001, CI: 0.009-0.5, OR=0.06) Conclusion: It seems that GADD45A rs581000 polymorphism involved in the SLE pathogenesis.}, Keywords = {GADD45A, Iran, Polymorphism, Systemic lupus erythematosus}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {59-66}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4528-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4528-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Rahbar, Ahmad and Riahi, Leila and Ebraze, Ali and Mohebi, siyamak and Keshvari, Atefe and Hemmatiyan, Fereshte and Gharlipour, Zabihollah and Fogharaardestani, Zahr}, title = {Compare Client Satisfaction in the Public Health Posts and Outsourced Health Posts Affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2014}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Client satisfaction as an important indicator to assess the quality of provided services has found a special place over the past few decades. The main purpose of this study is to compare the client satisfaction in the public health posts and outsourced health posts affiliated to Qom university of medical Sciences in 2014. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive analytic (cross- sectional) study.The participants were 216 clients, who had referred to 10 public health posts and outsourced health posts of Qom province. Health posts  were selected by cluster sampling from different urban areas  and participants were selected by simple sampling methods. A researcher made questionnaire was used to measure the data on a 5-point Likert scale, which it's validity and reliability were confirmed by experts panel and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively. After collection, the data were analyzed by SPSS 20, and descriptive statistical methods, Mann-Whitney test, chi-square, with 0.05 significant level. Results: Among 60 health posts, 20 health posts (33.33%) were outsourced and 40 (66.66%) were managed by the public sector. Results showed that in health centers outsourced , overall satisfaction of the child care and vaccinations and maternity care were respectively, 64.5 and 55.42 and 67.43 percent and in public health posts were respectively, 35.5 and 44.58 and 37.66 percent and this difference was significant. Client satisfaction in the public health posts of the vaccination (57.1%) compared with client satisfaction in the outsourced health posts (47.2%) was higher, also at public health posts, satisfaction of the scientific skill employees (55.1 percent) assigned to the outsourced health posts (44.9%) was even greater, that this difference was significant. Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that, there is a significant difference in satisfaction of clients in public health posts and outsourced health posts It seems necessary to pay special attention to employee training programs by managers and also considering the results of client satisfaction in performance appraisal of personnel in health care posts.}, Keywords = {Client satisfaction, Health care, Health posts, Outsourced services}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {67-77}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4453-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4453-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Kzemipour, Nasrin and Shariatzadeh, Seyed Mehdi and Nazifi, Saee}, title = {Investigation of Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ginger on Cytotoxity of Silver Nanoparticles on Hepatic Enzymes، Hemathologic Factors, Blood Oxidative Stress Markers and Hepatic Apaptosis in Balb-c Mce}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Silver nanoparticles are capable of inducing toxicity in living organisms. Silver nanoparticles can induce some effect in the liver. Thus silver nanoparticles, due to their wide spread effects, can also affect on hepatic, hematological, and oxidative stress factors. Ginger because of its powerful antioxidantal compounds can influence the toxicity effects of silver nanoparticles in different parts of the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydroalchoholic extract of ginger on cytotoxic silver nanoparticles on enzymes, hematological parameters, blood oxidative stress markers, and hepatic apoptosis in Balb-c mice. Materials and Methods: In this study, 48 rats of Balb-c race Syrians were selected and devided into 4 groups, each consisting of 12. They were treated for a period of 35 days; the first group (control) received distilled water, the second group received nano silver, the third group received ginger extract, and the fourth group received both nanosilver and ginger extract at the same time. Bleeding was done to measure hematological factors, liver enzymes, and oxidative stress; then liver tissue was removed for evaluation of apoptosis. Data were compared using SPSS software and one-way ANOVA. Results: Enzymes AST , ALT , ALP, GGT and LDH as liver factors showed significant differences in the groups of the study. Hematological factors including of WBC , RBC , Hb , HCT , MCV, MCH , Plt , Lymphocyte  and  Monocyte showed significant differences in all the groups. Of oxidative stress factors , only GPX showed significant difference between groups, while no significant difference was observed in other oxidative stress parameters in the blood. Changes in apoptosis showed significant differences in all groups of the study. Conclusion:  Based on the findings the study ,silver nanoparticles with their side effects in different parts of the body can induce changes in various factors and enzymes. Ginger can compensate ,and modify to some extent these side effects. Such effectiveness of ginger can probably be due to its special ingredients.}, Keywords = {Apoptosis, Ginger extract, Hematological factors, Hepatic enzymes, Oxidative stress, Silver nanoparticles.}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {78-87}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4592-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4592-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Saremi, Abbas and Shahrjerdi, Shahnaz and Kavyani, Atefe}, title = {The Effect of Aerobic Training on Metabolic Parameters and Serum Level of Sirtuin1 in Women with Type 2 Diabetes}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Sirtuin-1 regulates important cellular processes, including apoptosis, cellular senescence, and metabolism. Therefore, sirtuin-1 may be a novel therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks aerobic training on sirtuin-1 level and cardiometabolic parameters in women with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study with pretest – posttest design, twenty diabetic women (aged 43.92±5.2 y) were randomly assigned to aerobic training or non-exercising control groups. Aerobic training program was performed 50-60 min/d, 3d/wk, for 2 months. Serum levels of sirtuin-1, body composition and metabolic parameters were assessed before and after the training period. Data were analyzed by paired T test. Results: Adiposity indices, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL- cholesterol,blood glucose and insulin resistance index were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control (p<0.05). Also, sirtuin-1 level was increased in the intervention group compared to the control (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings show that aerobic exercise is associated with an improvement in siruin-1 levels and metabolic indices in women with type 2 diabetes.}, Keywords = {Aerobic exercise, Caloric restriction, Sirtuin-1, Type 2 diabetes}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {88-97}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4511-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4511-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Abdolalian, Zahra and Rafeie, Mohammad and Baghestani, Ahmad Reza and Pourhosseingholi, Mohamad amin and Daneshvar, Tahour}, title = {Analyzing the Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients of Tehran Taleghani Hospital using Non-Mixture Cure Model}, abstract ={Abstract Background: 4cure models are a model to analyze survival data that these models exist for long term survivors. Cure models are a special type of survival model where it is assumed that there are a proportion of subjects who had never event, thus, survival curve will eventually reach a plateau. Therefore, standard survival models are not appropriate because they do not account for the possibility of cure.The aim of the present research is to apply non-mixture cure model to analyze survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We studied 232 patients with colorectal cancer who were visited and treated at Taleghani Hospital Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease in Tehran. These patients were diagnosed from 1987 to 2012 and followed up until 2013. The Effect of age, gender, family history, body mass index and site of infection were studied. Kaplan-Meier and Non-Mixture cure Model were used for analzing data. Results: The ten-year survival rate after diagnosis in the studied patients was 64 % .A total of 60 (25.8 %) deaths due to colorectal cancer were observed. The mean of age at the time of diagnosis was 51.6 years. Based on non-mixed cure model, the rangs of age was 45-65 years old and BMI were significant. Conclusion: When the population is divided into two groups (susceptible and non- susceptible individuals), using Cox semi-parametric model is not appropriate. Therefore, we should use cure models.}, Keywords = {Colorectal cancer, Non-mixture cure model, Survival analysis}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {98-106}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4463-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4463-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {LoueiMonfared, Ali and HamoonNavard, Sahar}, title = {The Effects of Methylphenidate Administration on the Histological Alterations of the Lymphatic System in the Mice}, abstract ={Abstract Background: The lymphatic system as a key component in the organism's body can be affected by used drugs. Methylphenidate or Ritalin is widely used for treatment of behavioral disorders in children and some depressed people. This study carried out to examine the immunotoxic effects of Ritalin. Materials and Methods: A total of 16 healthy adult female mice were selected and randomly divided into a control and three experimental groups. The experimental groups received Ritalin as 0.5,5 and 50 mg/kg body weight and control groups received distillated water by gavage method for 21 consecutive days. At the end of experiment, the structure and function of the lymphoid organs were evaluated. Results were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s test (p<0.05). Results: Significant alterations including a reduction in the size and number of lymphoid follicles, increasing in the megakaryocytes numbers as well as spleen capsular thickens were seen following Ritalin administration.  The atrophy of the lymph nodes together with significant reduction in the number and size of lymph follicles but an increasing in the parenchyma hyperemia were seen. Also lymphocyte numbers increased while the monocytes numbers decreased (p<0.05). Conclusion: The consumption of Ritalin could be exerted detrimental effects on the lymphoid organs in the mouse model.}, Keywords = {Histological changes, Lymphatic system, Mice, Methylphenidate}, volume = {19}, Number = {9}, pages = {107-116}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4495-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4495-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {AminiRarani, Saeid and Ghadami, Ahmad and Malekirad, Ali Akbar and Yousefi, Hojatollah and Mani, Kourosh}, title = {The Effect of Consuming Green Tea on Blood Oxidative Biomarkers in Operating Room Personnel}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Operating room personnel are subject to occupational hazards which could lead to an increase in free radicals and develop various diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of consuming green tea on the improvement of the blood oxidative biomarkers in operating room personnel who are exposed to anesthetic gases. Materials and Methods: This study was a before-after clinical trial which was conducted on 24 operating room personnel. They were invited to consume 4 cups of a green tea beverage, prepared from 3 g of green tea leaves in 300 mL of boiled water (at 80˚ C), daily for 8 weeks. Then, Myeloperoxidase (MPO), DNA damage, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in the plasma were measured in order to evaluate the level of oxidative stress biomarkers before and after consuming green tea. Results: Green tea consumption by operating room personnel brought about a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and a considerable decrease in myeloperoxidase and DNA damage. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, green tea consumption as an antioxidant supplement by operating room personnel, who are regularly exposed to anesthetic gases, can minimize oxidative stress and DNA damage considerably. Thus, it is advisable for operating room personnel to consume green tea as a natural antioxidant supplement.}, Keywords = {DNA damage, Glutathione peroxidase, Green tea, Myeloperoxidase, Operating room, Oxidative stress, Superoxide dismutase}, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4496-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4496-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Heidarpanah, Samira and Kohan, Leila and Hashemi, Seyedeh Sar}, title = {Relationship between Fas rs1800682 Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is the most common endocrine aberration in women. PCOS is characterized by ovarian hyperandrogenism and anovulation resulted from a disorder of follicular maturation. Apoptosis is a regulatory mechanism for oocyte maturation and survival. Several studies have shown a possible role of Fas in ovarian apoptosis. The present study is the first investigation to examine the possible association of Fas rs1800682gene polymorphism with PCOS risk in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 251 patients with PCOS and 213 healthy control women. The Fas rs1800682 gene polymorphism genotypes were analyzed using the Tetra-ARMS-PCR method. Also, logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between genotypes and PCOS risk. Results: There was a significant association between A allele and susceptibility to PCOS(OR =1.4, %95CI=1.08-1.83, p=0.011). Moreover, in the recessive genetic model for A allele, the AA genotype increased the risk of PCOS after adjusting age and body mass index(OR=1.6, %95CI=1.02-2.51, p=0.041). Conclusion: For the first time, this study showed that Fas rs1800682 polymorphism is associated with PCOS risk in Iranian women and the A allele may act as a recessive allele for increasing the risk of PCOS.}, Keywords = {Fas, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Polymorphism}, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {9-16}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4579-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4579-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {RezaeeVandchali, Nushin and Fathi, Mojtaba and Koolivand, Ali and Malekafzali, Sheida and JalaliMashayekhi, Farideh}, title = {The Effect of Air Pollution on γ-Glutamyltransferase Enzyme Activity}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Human exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of diseases such as heart failure, asthma and cancer. It has been suggested that oxidative stress is involved in air pollution-induced disorders. Recently, γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is known as a marker of oxidative stress. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of exposure to outdoor air pollution on enzyme activity of GGT and also usage of GGT serum level as a marker for studying of harmful effects of air pollution in the resident with high air pollution level. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 110 healthy adult men, never-smoking, who worked in an area with high air pollution and 90 men who worked in an area with low air pollution, as control group, were enrolled. All subjects were in the age range of 25-45 years with minimum work history of three years. The GGT activity in the serum samples was determined using a spectrophotometric method. Results: Our results showed that the serum levels of GGT in the subjects in the areas with high air pollution (33.92 ± 1.61 U/L) did not differ significantly with those of control region (33.62 ± 1.74 U/L). Conclusion: Overall, this study did not support the hypothesis that GGT enzyme could be considered as an oxidative stress marker following exposure to outdoor air pollution. Further studies with a larger sample sizes and also trials in other areas are required to confirm these results.}, Keywords = {Air pollution, γ-glutamyltransferase, Oxidative stress }, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {17-24}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4654-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4654-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Savary, Feryal and Moazedi, Ahmad Ali and Gharib-Naseri, Mohammad Kazem and Zadkarami, Mohammad Rez}, title = {The Role of GABAA Receptor in Antispasmodic Activity of Hydroalcholic Extract of Petroselinum Crispum (Parsley) Seed in Rat Ileum}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Parsley is one of the medicinal herbs used for gastrointestinal disorders. However, spasmolytic activity of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) extract has been reported, there is a lack of information to support the mechanism of this antispasmodic activity. Taking this into account, the purpose of the present work was to investigate the role of GABAA receptor on antispasmodic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of parsley seed in isolated rat ileum. Materials and Methods: In this study, terminal portion of ileum (2 cm) was dissected out and mounted in an organ bath containing air bubbled Tyrode solution (37οC, pH=7.4). Under 1gr resting tension, ileal contraction was induced by KCl (60 mM) and recorded isotonically. The effects of non-cumulative (0.1-0.5 mg/ml) concentrations of extract on KCl-induced contractions were examined.  After evaluating the effect of agonist and antagonist GABAA receptor, the effect of parsley extract was assessed in the presence of muscimol (25 µM) and bicuculline (10 µM) as agonist and antagonist of GABAA, respectively.  Results: Parsley seed extract reduced the KCl-induced ileal contraction in a concentration-dependent manner (n=7, p<0.001). Both muscimol and bicuculline exerted relaxant effect on ileal contraction (n=7, p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). Surprisingly, agonist and antagonist of GABAA both potentiated the spasmolytic effect of extract (0.2 mg/ml). Altogether, spasmolytic effect of extract was not attenuated in the presence of GABAA antagonist. Conclusion: It seems that GABAA receptor is not involved in the antispasmodic effect of parsley seeds extract in rat ileum.}, Keywords = {Antispasmodic, GABAA receptor, Ileum, Parsley seed extract}, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {25-38}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4559-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4559-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Sheydaei, Parvin and Bayrami, Abolfazl and Azizian, Yashar and Parvinroo, Shadi}, title = {Study on the Toxicity Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Hematological and Serum Parameters in Mice}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Nanoparticles are used in various applications due to unique mechanical and physicochemical properties such as their increased surface area to volume ratio and quantum effects. This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanopaticles on hematological and biochemical parameters BALB/c mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 28 adult male mice BALB/c, were divided into four groups (one control group and three experimental groups). The mice in the experimental groups orally received Zinc Oxide nanoparticles with doses of 50, 100 and 300 mg/kg for 14 days. The control group received distillated water only. On 15th day, some hematological and biochemical parameters were studied on the blood samples collected. Results: Results showed that Zinc Oxide nanoparticles cause changes in blood cells. In high concentration, nanoparticles increased some of factors such as white blood cells, hemoglubin, MCV and neutrophil and besides decreased amount of RBCs, pLTs, hematocrit, lymphocytes, glucose and kratenin significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings showed that zinc oxide nanoparticles cause harmful effects due to the considerable variations in hematological and serum parameters in mice  in a dose-dependent way.}, Keywords = {BALB/c mice, Hemotological factors, Serum factors, Zinc oxide nanoparticles}, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {39-47}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4598-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4598-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Saebi, Shiva and Khajavi, Daryoush and Faraji, Fardi}, title = {The Effect of Balance Training with Educational and Motivational Self-Talk on Balance in the Women with Multiple Sclerosis}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Self-talk is a psychological intervention that can affect the performance of an individulal, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of balance-training with educational and motivational self-talk on balance in women with MS in the city of Arak. Materials and Methods: This study was a semi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population included women with MS in the city of Arak. 42 patients with the age range of 20-50 years old were chosen as samples and randomly were divided in 3 groups of individuls as control, educational self-talk and motivation self-talk and were experimented by Berg balance test.The experimental groups practiced the balance excercises for a month , 3 times a week and 45 minutes in each session. Then, post-test was performed for them. For data collecting, the demographic questionnaire, Berg balance test, one leg balance test and star test were used. Data analysis was done by using ANOVA and Tokey post-test by SPSS23 software at a significant level less than 0.05. Results: The results of this study showed that the mean score of balance in educational self- talk group than motivational self-talk group (p = 0.045) a control group (p = 0.008) was significantly higher. Thus, the mean score balance performance test, motivational self-talk and control groups showed no significant difference (p = 0.689) Conclusion: According the findings of this study, balance training with educational self-talk affects on balance in women with MS. Thus, balance training with educational self-talk can be a good approach to improve the balance in the women with MS. oxidative stress and DNA damage considerably. Thus, it is advisable for operating room personnel to consume green tea as a natural antioxidant supplement.}, Keywords = {Balance, Balance training, Educational self-talk, Motivational self-talk, Multiple Sclerosis }, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {48-58}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4574-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4574-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Adl, Hadis Alsadat and Shafi`Abadi, Abdollah and Pirani, Zabih}, title = {The Effctiveness of Group Therapy based on Quality of Life on Marital Intimacy in Infertile Women}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Infertility is described as a loss that this event is serious tension in life and it makes extreme trauma on couples. This research aimed to investigate the effect of group psychotherapy based on life quality on marriage intimacy of infertile women. Materials and Methods: This research method was in semi-test methodology with pre-test, post- test and follow-up test plan with control group and statistical sample was 32 persons (16 persons in test group and 16 persons in control group) that they were chosen in available sampling mode from Royan center in Arak and both two groups were peer in research standards. Test group received training for 5 sessions in 90 minute. For collecting data, Bagarozzi marital intimacy questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance by using SPSS software. Results: Results showed that life quality training affected significantly on marriage intimacy of infertile women and improved it. Significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up average scores of test and control groups showed effectiveness of life quality training on infertile women ( p=0.003<0.05 ,f=27.57). Conclusion: The research showed that group therapy of life quality plan affected on marital intimacy and improved it. Therefore, it is recommended as a supplement.}, Keywords = {Infertile, Marriage intimacy, Psychotherapy based on life quality }, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {59-71}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4575-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4575-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Fatehi, Farhad and Riyahi, Azadeh and Moradzadeh, Rahmatolah and Dalvand, Hamid and Dehghan, Leil}, title = {Parenting Role\'s Tasks in Parents of Children with Disability (Physical-Mental) Less than 7 Years Old in the City of Arak in 2016}, abstract ={Abstract Background: With regards to importance of the role of parents in children's life, imbalance in the roles of parents can lead to serious mental, emotional and physical damages of the child. The purpose of this study was to determine how to do parenting role's tasks in parents of children with disability (physical- mental) younger than 7 years in the city of Arak in 2016. Materials and Methods: In this study, the parenting role's tasks questionnaire for 120 parents of children with disability was completed. The effect of demographic characteristics on how to perform the role of parents was studied. Results: Based on data collected and analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient for the relationship between the parents and other factors, we have found no significant relationship between role of parents with the child's age. In disabled children, between parent's role and maternal age was significant difference which its correlation coefficient was -0.18, represented the inverse association between maternal age and the parent's role with disabled children. In comparison of parent's role based on child's gender, significant difference was not seen in any of cases. The impact of the seizure on performance of parenting role's tasks implied no relationship between history of seizure and performance of parenting role's tasks. Economic situation as well as on how to do tasks was ineffective. Conclusion: Imbalance in performance of parenting role's tasks in primary care, education, leisure and cognition promotion showed that existence of a disabled child in the family had negative impact on the parenting role's tasks in different aspects, for example further focus on one of the domains lead to ignorance of other domains. Total score confirmed the negative impact of disabled children on efficient implementation of parenting role's tasks.}, Keywords = {Balance of the parenting role's tasks, Disability, Parenting role's tasks questionnaire}, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {72-80}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4555-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4555-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mirnezami, Mi}, title = {Evaluating the Role of Omega 3 on the Side Effects of Isotretinoin in Patients with the Acnea Vulgaris}, abstract ={BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is chronic  inflamatory disease  of the pilosebaceous unit.Patients  experience  psychological  burdens like depression ,anxiety , and low self-esteem. Isotretinoin  is used in the treatment of  severe ,recalcitrant acne ;however,treatment  commonly results in associated   with  a  number  of  adverse effects that treatment stopped  consequent  this side effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate  the effect of oral  omega 3 on  side-effects of  isotretinoin . METHODS:One  hundred eighteen  patients with sever acne vulgaris  were  randomized to two groups. Control group recived  isotretinoin (0.5 mg∕kg) alone and case  group received  isotretinoin (0.5 mg∕kg)  combined  with omega 3 (2 capsuls) daily.the treatment duration was 16 weeks.Mucocutaneous  side-effects  were assessed(4,8,12,16th wk). RESULTS:Lip  dryness (4,8,12th wk)  and  dryness of nose, skin ,eye  in the 4 th week in the patients treated with isotretinoin and omega3 was lesser than in the patients treated with isotretinoin  (P value < 0.001). CONCLUSION:Omega 3 decreased  the  mucocutaneous side effects in the patients  with acne   vulgaris   who received  isotretinoin.}, Keywords = {Acne vulgaris ,Isotretinoin , Omega 3}, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {81-87}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4503-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4503-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Yavari, Abdoreza and Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah and Dalvand, Hamid and Valizadeh, Akram and Fatehi, Farhad and Nakhaei, Mahmudrez}, title = {Comparing the Effect of Oral Motor Stimulations on Feeding Function in the Children with Spastic Cerebral palsy by Medical and Family Centered Approaches}, abstract ={Abstract Background: One of the problems in children with cerebral palsy is impaired eating and drinking liquids. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of oral motor stimulations on feeding function in the children with spastic cerebral palsy by two medical and family centered approaches. Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical cross sectional study that performed on 40 children 2-8 year olds with spastic Cerebral Palsy from the rehabilitation clinics in the city of Arak. They were selected by simple and purposeful sampling. Applied instruments were Gross Motor Measure Function Classification System Expanded & Revised (GMFCS E&R) and oral motor assessment scale(OMAS). Data were analyzed by statistical tests such as: Kolmogorov-Smirnov, reporting mean, standard deviation, data analysis frequncy distribution table, independent t-test, dependent t-test, chi-square and MANOVA. Results: The difference of swallowing function assessed by OMAS in both groups managed by family centered and clinician centered approach prior and post management statistialy was meaningful (p=0.001(. The difference between swallowing function of both groups post intervention was not meaningful in view of first and second assessor, also it had no statistical significance(p=0.89 , p=0.07) Conclusion: In general, we can conclude that oral motor stimulation is effective on swallowing function of cerebral palsy children in both treated groups. The effect of these stimulations on swallowing function in children with cerebral palsy between clinician centered and family centered approaches was equal.}, Keywords = {Children with cerebral palsy, Clinician centered approach, Family centered approach, Gross Motor Measure Function Classification System, Oral motor assessment scale}, volume = {19}, Number = {10}, pages = {88-98}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4594-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4594-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Eghbali, Farid and Moradi, Mahdi}, title = {The Effect of A Course of Pilates Exercise on Hypertension, Nitric Oxide, and Resting Heart Rate in the Eldrly Men with Hypertension}, abstract ={Background: High blood pressure increases various cardiovascular events about 2 to 3 times in a person. The purpose of this study is to recognize the effect of a course of pilates exercise on hypertension, nitric oxide, and resting heart rate in the eldrlymen with hypertension. Materials and Methods: Subjects of this quasi-experimental research included 30 elderly men with hypertension grade one(in the range of systolic-diastolic 140/90 to 159/99mm Hg) who participated voluntarily and accessibly in the study and were divided randomly into two experimental peer (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Weight, height and BMI of subjects were 75±80, 170±175 and 25-26, respectively. The experimental group did selected exercise of Pilates for eight weeks (three one-hour sessions per week). Desired variables of the subjects of both groups were evaluated 24 hours before the start of exercise and 24 hours after the last session. Data analysis was conducted using dependent and independent t-test by SPSS16 statistical software at the significant level of p≥0.05. Results: The research results showed that the eight-week pilates exercise gave rise to reduction in blood pressure(p≤0.05) as well as resting heart rate (p≤0.05) and to increase in nitric oxide of elderly men with hypertension (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The eight-week pilates exercise reduced blood pressure and resting heart rate and increased the production of nitric oxide in elderly men. So, it seems that the regular physical exercise can be effective as a preventive factor in the outbreak of cardiovascular diseases of the elderly men. }, Keywords = {Heart rate, Hypertension, Nitric oxide, Pilates exercise}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4176-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4176-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Bokaeian, Mohammad and Adabi, Javad and Zeyni, Behroz and Tahmasebi, Hame}, title = {The Presence of aac (6 \') Ie / aph (2 "), aph (3\') - IIIa1, ant (4 \') - Ia1 Genes and Determining Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus Epidermidis and Staphylococcus Saprophyticus Strains Isolated from Clinical Specimens}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Aminoglycosides are used as antibiotics in combination with beta-lactamas for many treatments of staphylococcal infections. Development of resistance in resistant strains can be done by enzymes produced by effective genes that cause the destruction of aminoglycoside antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the aac (6 ') Ie / aph (2 "), aph (3') - IIIa1, ant (4 ') - Ia1 genes and mecA in staphylococcus strains which play an effective part in the resistance of aminoglycosides. Materials and Methods: in this descriptive cross-sectional observation, 113 clinical samples including 68 isolate of Staphylococcus epidermidis and 45 isolate of Staphylococcus saprophyticus of 459 clinical samples were identified by biochemical and molecular tests. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates was determined using MIC method by E-test strips. Then, to determine the presence of genes responsible for resistance to aminoglycosides, gene-specific primers were used. Results: Of 68 isolates obtained from saprophyticus Staphylococcus aureus, 39isolates(57.35%) were mecA gene. As well, 13 isolates (19.11%) have aac (6 ') Ie / aph (2 ") gene, 9 isolates (13.23%) have aph (3') - IIIa1 gene and 7 isolates (7.3%) have ant (4 ') - Ia1 gene. Of 45 isolates of Staphylococcus saprophyticus, 23 isolates(51.11%) have mecA genes, 8 isolates (17.77%) have aac (6') Ie / aph (2 ") gene, 4 isolates (8/8%) have aph (3 ') - IIIa1 gene and 2 isolates (4.4%) have gene ant (4') - Ia1 gen. Conclusion: Statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of aminoglycoside genes is more among strains resistant to methicillin and this would suggest that methicillin-resistant strains are easy situation for the acquisition of resistance to other antibiotics.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {11-25}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4534-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4534-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Taebi, Saeed and Nosrati, Mokhtar}, title = {Evaluation of Anti-Bacterial Activity and Biofilm Inhibition of Satureja Khuzestanica Jamzad against Streptococcus Mutans}, abstract ={Background: In the recent years, introducing plant materials with the ability to destroy or control of biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans is highly regarded.This study was planned to investigate the anti-bacterial activity and biofilm inhibition of Satureja Khuzestanica Jamzad against biofilm and single form of S.mutans. Materials and Methods: The plant material collected, air dried and powdred. Then thier methanolic extract prepared by maceration method.The concentrated extract then diluted by sterile phosphate buffer.The anti-bacterial and biofilm inhibition activity of the extracts evaluated by dick diffiusion and micro titeration method respectively. Also, bioinformatic study of glucansucrase inhibition by dominant plant compounds of S.Khuzestanica Jamzad investigated by molecular docking method using Auto dock4 software. Results: The results revalued that all tested extracts especially leaf ectract had significant antibacterial activity against single form of S.mutans.Results also showed that leaf and stem extract had most and least biofilm inhibition with 70 and 13 presend inhibition, respectively. The bioinformatics results also confirmed that studied phytochemicals especially gama-terpinen, carvacrol and beta-bisabolene can effectively inhibit the glucansucrase. Conclusion: The results of present study showed that S.Khuzestanica Jamzad had significant antibacterial activity against single form of S.mutans and gama-terpinen, carvacrol and beta-bisabolene are most effective compounds in biofilm inhibition.}, Keywords = {Biofilm, Glucansucrase enzyme, Satureja Khuzestanica Jamzad, Streptococcus mutans}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {26-38}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4596-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4596-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Zolfaghari, Mina and Khansarinejad, Behzad and Ganji, Ali and Hamzehloo, Zeinab and Abtahi, Hami}, title = {Frequency Determination of Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma Genitalium Species in Female with Vaginitis Infection using Real- Time PCR}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Ureaplasma and M. genitalium species belong to a kind of bacteria that are sexually transmitted and are the possible cause of pelvic inflammatory disease and nongonococcal urethritis, and et al. The aim of this study was to determine the urea plasma and Mycoplasma genitalium species frequency in women with vaginal infection and various sexual partners who referred to women, s health promotion and treatment center in Arak. Materials and Methods: Endocervical swab samples from 110 women with vaginal infections referred to women’s health promotion and treatment center in Arak, were prepared. Patients’ personal information and identities during reception process were registered. The samples were transferred to the laboratory in the transport environment and after DNA extraction, were evaluated according to Real-time PCR assay. Results: Urea plasma and Mycoplasma genitalium bacteria existed in 96(87.27%) and 4(3.63%) of patients, respectively. Among them, 4 cases had both bacteria infections. The amount of isolation in young women between 30-39 years old was more than others. Conclusion: The results show that the colonization of urea plasma species in adult women is 40-80% and in studied group is 87.27%. These results indicate that with due attention to the increasing number of sexual partners and the increase of sexual activity, the urea plasma colonization of women will increase. In view of the potential influence of mycoplasma species on side effects resulted from pregnancy infection of mothers and mortality, on-time diagnosis and treatment will be increasingly essential.}, Keywords = {Mycoplasma genitalium, Real-time PCR, Urea plasma, Vaginal infection }, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {39-46}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4611-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4611-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Zarinfar, Nader and Valikhani, Maryam and Sadeghi, Bahman and Soufian, Masoumeh and Akbari, Maji}, title = {Prophylactic Effect of Probiotic Capsule(Lactocare) on Urinery Tract Infection of Cateterized Intensive Care Unit Patients}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Probiotics are known as a factor for prevention of infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection(UTI). The present study aimed to investigate the positive effects of probiotics on urinery truct infection of cateterized intensive care unit patients. Materials and Methods: In a triple blind clinical trial, 125 cateterized intensive care unit patients were randomly selected and divided into two groups, Treatment group (n = 63) was well matched with placebo group (n = 62) for age and sex and duration of admission .Case group received one lactocare capsule for 10 days and control group with a same method received placebo for 10 days. In both groups urine analysis and urine culture were measured with a same method at the first day and then twentieth day and finally data were analysed with t-test. Results: The incidence of urinary tract infection between treatment and control group (respectively 17.4% and 22.5%) had no statistically significant difference (p=0.672). But, in terms of sex, incidence of urinary tract infections in women compared to men with the same condition was significantly different(p=0.002). In treatment group with long term cathetrization, urinary tract infections significantly were significantly different(p=0.041). Conclusion: Administration of lactocare capsule has no statistically significant impact on the incidence of urinery truct infection of cateterized intensive care unit patients. In comparsion of cateterized men and women receiving probiotics, the reduction of urinary tract infection in women was more than in men. Probiotics had preventive effects on long term catheterization.}, Keywords = {Intensive care unit, Probiotics, Urinary tract infection}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {47-56}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4216-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4216-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Soori, Rahman and FardinSohrabi, Fardin and Choobineh, Sirous and Ravasi, Ali-Asghar and Baesi, Kazem and Abbasian, Sadegh}, title = {The Effect of 12-Week Aerobic Training on Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Gene Expression and Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Rats}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key enzyme in dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and it is a central factor to induce the insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12-week aerobic training on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B gene expression and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 16 Wistar rats were divided into aerobic training and control groups. After inducing diabetes intra protaneally, aerobic training group performed training protocol for 12 weeks and 5 session/week. The duration and speed of each session increased progressively as 18 to 26 m/min and 10 to 55 min, respectively. Then, blood and tissue (from gastrocnemius) sampling were carried out in diabetic rats. Insulin resistance markers and PTP1B gene expression were evaluated by commercial kits and Real-Time PCR method, respectively. Results: Findings showed that PTP1B significantly was decreased in diabetic rats of aerobic training group (p=0.0001). Also, glucose and insulin resistance significantly was decreased in aerobic training groups (p=0.02 and p=0.006, respectively). However, insulin in control rats was significantly increased (p=0.015). Conclusion: It seems that, current aerobic training protocol has capability to decrease PTP1B and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Furthermore, the direct correlation between PTP1B and insulin illustrated that any changes in insulin resistance due to exercise training associated with diminution of negative regulation of insulin signaling pathway.}, Keywords = {Aerobic training, Diabetes, Insulin resistance, PTP1B gene}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {57-67}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4652-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4652-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {GolnariMaranni, Mohsen and RabbaniKhourasgani, Mohammad and Asadollahi, Mohammad Ali and Shafiei, Rasoul}, title = {Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Bacillus Strains Isolated from Various Resources}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Prevalence extension of antibiotic resistant bacteria has raised concerns about control of infections especially nosocomial infections. Many attempts have been done to replace antibiotics or limit their use. The use of antimicrobial agents produced by bacteria as antibiotic replacement has been promising in recent years. The goal of this study was to isolate Bacillus strains and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against some standard pathogens and clinical antibiotic resistant strains. Materials and Methods: In the present study, Bacillus strains were isolated from various resources and identified by 16S rDNA PCR method. Then, the phylogenetic tree of the isolates was constructed and antimicrobial activity of the isolates was investigated against some standard pathogens and clinical antibiotic resistant strains using spotting and well diffusion methods. Results: Eight Bacillus strains were isolated from 15 different samples. Based on the molecular identification, the isolates were identified as B.pumilus, B.coagulans, B.licheniformis, B.endophitycus and B.amiloliquefaciens. The results showed that isolates have antimicrobial activity against meticilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin resistant enterococci, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria, Streptococcus and Escherichia coli. Conclusion: In this study, isolated Bacillus strains produced antimicrobial agents against pathogens and antibiotic resistant strains and inhibited their growth.}, Keywords = {Antimicrobial activity, Bacillus, Meticilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin resistant enterococci}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {68-78}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4673-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4673-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Moradabadi, Alireza and Farsinezhad, Alireza and FekriSoofiabadi, Maryam}, title = {Fast Method for Diagnosis of Leishmania by PCR and FLASH PCR}, abstract ={Background: Leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic disease and a global health problem. The aim of this study is to diagnose the parasitic infection in humans for epidemiological identification and providing control programs using proprietary co-designed primers in three species of Leishmania. Materials and Methods: 30 common Leishmania isolates were gathered from different centers in Iran. Having been cultured in RPMI-1640 Medium, DNA was extracted and the gene   ITS2-rRNA was amplified by PCR. The amplicons were examined by electrophoresis on agarose gel 2%. Also, in FLASH PCR method, a specific probe and florence colour were used to investigae the amplicon existence on sample. Results: The results of the investigations by PCR and FLASH PCR methods show that these methods are sensitive and specific for diagnosis of Leishmania Conclusion: In this study, identification of Leishmania parasite using specific primer pairs was successful and TaqMan could be one of the most sensitive diagnostic methods to identify parasite load for the ITS2 region of Leishmania.}, Keywords = {FLASH PCR, ITS2-rRNA, Leishmania, PCR}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {79-86}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4647-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4647-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {HashemianMoghadam, Azam and AghaMohammadianSharbaf, Hamidreza and Mashhadi, Ali}, title = {Effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing(EMDR) to Reduce the Severity of Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Stuttering With Psychological Origin(Case Study in Child with Four Years Old)}, abstract ={Abstract Background: The present research aimed to measure the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on reducing the severity of symptoms of post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Stuttering in a four-year-old child post-traumatic stress disorder in children is one of the disorders relating to trauma and stressful factors, also, stutterring or word fluency disorder is a nerve growth disorder. Materials and Methods: This research design was conducted as a case study with a multiple baseline design. Participant in this research was a four-year- old child with Diagnostic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychogenic Stuttering. He had been placed under the intervention with EMDR at Shahid Birjand Counseling Center. The instruments used for this research included demographic researcher-made questionnaire, the third edition of stuttering severity test, the scale of parents’ report of post-traumatic Symptoms and child’s report of posttraumatic Symptoms. Data analysis was done through graphic and descriptive analysis. The data was collected as base line and during the treatment as well as after the treatment and follow-up (in terms of 3 and 24 months). Results: Means percentage improvement (MPI) to reducing the severity of post-traumatic symptoms was achieved as %74.66 and it was %56.06 for reduction of the severity of stuttering and they continued to maintain in the follow-up period. Conclusion: Results showed that EMDR method had affected on reduction of the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and stuttering intensity.}, Keywords = {Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Post-traumatic stress disorder, Psychgenic sttutering}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {87-98}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4580-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4580-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hamta, Ahmad and Mohammadi, Mahsa and Ansari, Jamshi}, title = {The Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene (VDR) ApaI Polymorphism with the Risk of Breast Cancer in Markazi Province Women}, abstract ={Background: Biological and epidemiological data indicate that the levels of vitamin D maybe affect the breast cancer risk. Vitamin D plays an important role in cell proliferation, apoptosis and tumor growth suppression. Vitamin D receptor is a critical mediator for the cellular reactions of vitamin D. Some of the epidemiological studies, reviewed the relationship between VDR gene polymorphism ApaI and breast cancer, but the controversial findings have been achieved. Materials and Methods: In this study, a population-based case-control study including 140 patients and 160 healthy individuals of women in Markazi Province were evaluated using PCR-RFLP approach. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples using the salting-out procedure. Polymorphism of interest was determined by PCR-RFLP method using ApaI enzyme and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software. Results: Based on the results of this study, distribution of AA genotype in cancer and control groups was, 38.6 and 26.87, for AC genotype 55.00 and 66.87, and finally for CC genotype 6.43 and 6.26 respectively. The results of this study showed no association between ApaI polymorphism of the VDR gene and breast cancer(OR=0.903,CI=95%, 0.29-2.95.) Conclusion: In this study, we found no association between ApaI polymorphism and breast cancer, which are consistent with the findings of some other researchs. It is necessary to examine a larger population to achieve more definitive results.}, Keywords = {ApaI Polymorphism, Breast Cancer, Vitamin D}, volume = {19}, Number = {11}, pages = {99-109}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4635-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4635-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {EbrahimiMonfared, Mohsen and Sadegh, Mehdi and Gohari, Zahr}, title = {Effect of Melatonin and Vitamin E on EEG, Sleep Quality and Quality of Life of Shift-Working Nurses in Arak Hospitals}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Melatonin regulates the sleep-wake cycle and is protected against oxidants. Vitamin E has antioxidant effect. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of melatonin and/or vitamin E on the EEG, sleep quality and quality of life of female nurses working in hospitals in Arak. Materials and Methods: 60 female nurses were randomly selected from hospitals in the Arak city. Participants divided into three groups (melatonin3 mg/day, vitamin E 200 IU/day and melatonin and vitamin E groups) and a control group. Before and two months after the baseline, PSQTI and the quality of life of 26 questions questionnaire were completed and EEG was recorded. Finally, the findings for both groups before and after the intervention were compared with each other. Results: The average of sleep quality showed an improvement in groups receiving melatonin and melatonin+vitamin E (p>0.05). While data of life quality did not show any significant change between groups. In EEG activity, α waves in the range of 8-10 Hz showed maximum increase in melatonin group and minimum increase in vitamin E group. Also, α wave in the range of 10-12 Hz revealed the most decrease in the melatonin group. Conclusion: It seems simultaneous administration of melatonin and vitamin E is able to improve sleep quality. In addition, melatonin could improve alpha-waves of brain activity.}, Keywords = {Antioxidants, Brain activity, PSQTI, α waves}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4602-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4602-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {AhmariNejad, Mojgan and Jadidi, Rahmatollah}, title = {A Study of the Effect of Word of Mouth on Pregnant Women Decision-Making Behavior to Join the Royan Cord Blood Bank in Arak City, 2009-2016}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Today, the role of word of mouth (WOM) in making decision particularly in service sector became important. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of word of mouth on pregnant woman decision-making behavior to join the Royan Cord Blood Bank. Materials and Methods: The research is operational and has a causal nature. The population of study was 790 pregnant women enrolled in Royan Cord Blood Bank in Arak city that 294 subjects were selected by available non-random sampling method. To collect data, questionnaire instrument was used. Data were analyzed according to Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) by LISREL (version 8.54) software. Results: The results of the study revealed that the effect of communication medium on personal information source and word of mouth was significant and positive. In addition, opinion leaders had a significant and positive influence on personal information source and word of mouth and also, the significant and negative effect of opinion leaders on perceived risk was seen. Personal information source had a significant and positive effect on decision-making. However, social structure didn't have any effect on word of mouth. Likewise, word of mouth didn't influence decision-making. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it seems that paying attention to the prerequisites and conditions making a suitable bed for creating effective word of mouth and expanding it to making decision for joining the Royan Cord Blood Bank is very necessary.}, Keywords = {Word of mouth, Decision-making, Structural equations modeling}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {12-23}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4749-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4749-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Akbarzadeh, Homeyra and Alipour, Abbas and Firuozian, Abolfazl and DarvishiKhezri, Hadi and Mahmoudi, Ghahram}, title = {The Assessment of Correlation between Blood Products Injection with Ventilator- Associated Pneumonia in Trauma Patients under Mechanical Mentilation in ICU}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most important causes of mortality in intubated traumatic patients admitted in ICU. The aim of current study was to determine correlation between blood products transfusion with incidence of VAP in traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation in ICU. Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective descriptive-analytical study. Current study was carried out on traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital ICU wards of Sari city, from September 2015 to September 2016. In addition to demographic data, patients' clinical information were daily recorded. Results: Of total of 2304 patients admitted to ICU, 186 traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation longer than 48 hours were reviewed and analyzed. Among patients infected with VAP, 36 persons(87.8%) had transfusion of blood products before VAP incidence. Blood products transfusion (before and / or after 48 hours) had the highest adjusted risk ratio in the incidence of VAP (Odds ratio; OR=3.58). Also, amount of injected Packed Red Blood Cells and platelet were significantly higher in patients infected with VAP (p<0.005). Conclusion: Considering remarkable increase in incidence of VAP following blood products transfusion and its correlation with injected PRBC and platelet, considering these modifiable risk factors for controlling and preventing the incidence of VAP in traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation in ICU is necessary and reasonable.}, Keywords = {Blood products, Blood transfusion, Intensive care unit, Mechanical ventilation, Trauma, Ventilator-associated pneumonia}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {24-33}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4728-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4728-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {AkbariTorkestani, Naeimeh and Ramezannejad, Pelinoos and Abedi, Mohammadreza and Eshrati, Babak and Nekoobahr, Abbas and Ramezannejad, Pante}, title = {Effect of Premarital Counseling with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Based Approach on Sexual Function}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Family is the most important component of community and family health leads to spiritual excellence and intellectual growth. One of the debates in current society is to enhance the bases of marital life. More than half of the sexual problems which cause family life and marital relationships abolishment are due to insufficient knowledge or erroneous beliefs about sexual relationships. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of acceptance commitment therapy (ACT)-based premarital counseling on the couples’ sexual function. Materials and Methods: The study population of this clinical trial consisted of all couples referring to premarital counseling centers of Isfahan in 2015. Sixty couples were selected and then randomly divided into two groups, an experimental group(30 couples) and a control group(30 couples). Then they completed a questionnaire of sexual function. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 using the Mann-Whitney test. Conclusion: The results of this study with the aforementioned condition showed the lack of significant difference in the couple’s sexual function between premarital counseling and the approach based on acceptance and commitment. So, it seems that performing a research with more samples and a target group having 1-5 marital experience would be necessary. Results: The results showed no significant difference between the effect of premarital counseling acceptance and commitment therapy – based approach on the couples’ sexual fanction in comparison with a premarital conventional approach(p>0.02).}, Keywords = {Acceptance and commitment therapy-based approach, Premarital counseling, Sexual function. }, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {34-42}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4600-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4600-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jamilian, Mehri and Afshar, Roghayeh}, title = {Effects of Combined Evening Primrose Oil and Vitamin D Intake on hs-CRP, Oxidative Stress and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes}, abstract ={Abstract Background: The efficacy of evening primrose oil has been reported in metabolic syndrome and other diseases.The role of vitamin D has been proposed in the risk reducing of chronic diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes too. We are aware of no study that examined the effects of evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles in gestational diabetes (GDM). This study was designed to assess the effects of evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles among pregnant women with GDM. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed among 60 women with GDM. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplements (n=30) or placebo (n=30) for 6 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at study baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention to quantify biochemical variables. Results: Evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation led to a significant decrease in serum high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP ) levels (change from baseline: -1.9±4.0 vs. +0.6±2.6 µg/mL, p=0.006) and MDA (-0.8±2.1 vs. +0.6±1.5 µmol/L,p=0.005) compared with placebo. Furthermore, a significant increase in plasma NO (+2.5±3.8 vs. -1.9±8.1 µmol/L, p=0.009) and TAC levels (+84.4±174.8 vs. -36.4±143.1 mmol/L, p=0.005) was seen after evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation compared with placebo. Conclusion: Evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation in GDM women had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.}, Keywords = {Evening primrose oil, Gestational diabetes, Vitamin D}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {43-51}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4736-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4736-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hejazi, Shokoufe and Tehranipour, Maryam}, title = {The Study of Effects of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Portulaca oleracea Leaves on NT3 Gene Expression in Degeneration of Alpha Neurons after Sciatic Nerve Compression in Rats}, abstract ={Abstract Background: The injuries of peripheral nervous system cause the death of a number of motor cells of the spinal cord. Neurotrophins family genes such as NT3 involve in neuronal survive after nerve injury and their expression changes after it. With due attention to the expansion of portulaca pleracea in the world study was conducted to determine the effects of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Potulaca oleracea on the NT3 gene expression after sciatic nerve compression in rat. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 88 male wistar rats that randomly were divided in 13 groups of 6 each. They consisted of control group, 4 compression groups (The sciatic nerve was compressed with locker pincer) and 8 treatment groups: compression + treatment with dose of 75 mg/kg of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea on days 1 and 7 (never compression was done on the first day). In all groups, Total RNA was extracted from the lumbar spinal cord segment in 1, 7, 14, 28 days and cDNA was synthesized, then NT3 expression changes were compared in groups. Results: There was a significant increase in NT3 gene expression in the compression group compared to control (p<0.001). The NT3 gene expression shows significant increase (p<0.05) in the treatment groups with alcoholic extract (except 1& 28 days). Also, there was no significant difference in gene expression between treatment group with acqueous extract and compression group in 1 and 7 days. A significant decrease was seen in the treatment groups with aqueous extract of purslane compared to compression (p<0.05). The NT3 gene expression shows significant increase in the treatment groups with alcoholic extract compared to treatment groups with aqueous extract in all days (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results reveal the Portulaca oleracea leaves extracts increase the NT3 gene expression after sciatic nerve injury. This effect is more in alcoholic extract than aqueous extract.}, Keywords = {Neuroprotective, NT3, Portulaca oleracea}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {52-60}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4709-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4709-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Khansooz, Mojtaba and Abedi, Bahram and Moradi, Mehdi and Mehranpour, Abbas}, title = {Acute Effects of on Javdar Supplementation on Asparate Aminotransferase(AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase(ALT) after Exhaustive Incremental Exercise in Men’s Handball}, abstract ={Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of supplementation Jadvar on aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes after exhaustive incremental exercise in men's handball. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental double blinded study 12 handball players with at least 2 years record in league (with average age=21.42, height=186cm, weight=83.25, and body mass index=24.09kg/m2) divided into 2 groups (n=6) accidentally. Both groups performed maximum Bruce protocol until exhausting level. Before (fasting) and after performing protocol ,blood samples were taken from middle forearm vein and transferred to lab then supplementation group consumed three 500 mg jadvar capsules and control group consumed three 500 mg maltodextrin  for 7 days daily. 24 hours after eating last capsule ,they performed maximum Bruce protocol up to exhausting level and the samples were collected like primary protocol blood samples before (fasting)and after performing protocol and were transferred to the laboratory. Results: The results of dependent and independent t-test showed that consuming jadvar supplements for 7days did not have significant effect on aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(p≥0.05).But alanine aminotransferase in supplementation group (16.83 mg.dl-1) decreased in comparison to placebo group (20.5 mg.dl-1). Also, aspartate aminotransferase was increased from 28 mg.dl-1 to 35.17 mg.dl-1 , but neither decrease nor increase was not meaningful (p≥0.05). Conclusion: It seems that acute consuming of jadvar supplement and one session incremental exercise does not have meaningful effect on AST and ALT in man handball players.}, Keywords = {Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Exhaustive incremental exercise, Jadvar}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {61-69}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4657-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4657-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Soheili, Masoud and Khandan, Mohammad Ali and Salami, Mahmou}, title = {Evaluation of Anti-Oxidant Activity of Lavandula angustifolia using DPPH Method}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Stress oxidative factors are known to causes diseases resulting from metabolic disorders. Therefore, preventing, or at least decreasing the amount of these factors may have a positive impact on prevention or improvement of the metabolic problems. Recently, the herbal medicines are more considered due to more effectiveness. We designed the present study to evaluate anti-oxidant effect of aqueous extract of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia). Materials and Methods: For extract preparation, the dry aerial part of lavender mixed with boiling water for 4 hours and then the container was filtered and condensed in a bain marie. Finally, the extract was powdered by freeze dryer. The anti-oxidant activities of the herbal medicine samples in 5, 10, 20 and 40 ppm concentrations were determined via DPPH method. This method is based on free radical scavenging of 2, 2- dipheny L-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) reflected in the color and absorbance changes in spectrophotometery method in 520 nm. Finally the IC50 was calculated and compared with that of for vitamin C as a standard. Results: All doses of the aqueous extract of the lavender showed dose- dependent potent anti-oxidant activity, So that, their differences were significant compared to control sample. The IC50 of the herbal medicine was 24.66 ppm that was less than the vitamin C of 2.3 ppm. Conclusion: As a potent anti-oxidant, the lavender aqueous extract can be effective in treatment of metabolic diseases.}, Keywords = {Anti-oxidant, Aqueous extract, Lavandula angustifolia, Metabolic disorders}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {70-77}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4742-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4742-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Kermani, Majid and Dowlati, Mohsen and FallahJokandan, Sevda and Aghaei, Mina and BahramiAsl, Farshad and Karimzadeh, Sim}, title = {Study of Air Quality Health Index and its Application in Seven Cities of Iran in 2011}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Poor air quality has a lot of damage on the environment and humans. Awareness of the air quality situation reduces health effects of air pollution. This study was performed with the aim of the comparative investigation of Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) and its application in seven major cities of Iran in 2011. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive–analytic one. First, the required data of four criteria pollutants were taken from Department of Environment in seven major cities of Iran. The data were validated by the World Health Organization criteria. The air quality health index was measured based on the instructions and classified into low, medium, high and very high degrees according to the air quality standard tables. Results: The results demonstrate that according to air quality health index, the level of air pollution in seven major cities of Iran has been undesirable and air quality has exceeded the standard level in Ahvaz 85%, Arak73%, Tehran70%, Esfahan60%, Shiraz 47%, Tabriz 43% and, Mashhad 29% of days. Conclusion: Due to poor air quality and health consequences resulting from it, importance of Air Quality Health Index is explored in planning to control and reduce air pollution and awareness of peoples from daily status of air quality and its health effects.}, Keywords = {Air pollution, Air Quality Health Index, Health effects}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {78-88}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4764-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4764-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Moradi, Niloofar and Paryan, Mehdi and Khansarinejad, Behzad and Rafiei, Mohammad and Mondanizadeh, Mahdieh}, title = {Bioinformatic Prediction of miRNAs Targeting NOTCH1 and HBx Genes in Chronic Hepatitis B-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma}, abstract ={Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third major cause of cancer death worldwide. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HBx gene play an important role in the development of HCC by influencing signaling pathways. Since there is no detectable symptom in the early phase of HCC, there is need to find new HCC-specific markers with high sensitivity for early detection and diagnosis of HCC. On the other hand, by the advent and development of bioinformatic sciences, it is now possible to predict miRNAs as biomarkers, and their targets. Therefore, in the present study, based on the results of the bioinformatic software applications with different algorithm, we selected the miRNA targeting HBx and NOTCH1 mRNAs according to higher score, suitable connection with target gene and confirming them in more softwares. Materials and Methods: First, the sequences of NOTCH1 and HBx genes were retrieved from NCBI. Afterwards, several software applications such as TargetScan, mirWalk, miRBase, Miranda, PicTar, miRVir, and DIANA were applied to predict miRNAs. Results: Based on the high scoring by bioinformatics softwares and suitable targeting, miR-34a were selected to target NOTCH1 and miR-6510, miR-5193 and miR-214 were chosen to targetHBX gene. Conclusion: Because of tumor suppression roles of miR-214 and miR-34a, they probably could be used as therapeutic strategy in cancer researches. It is also seems that the miR-5193 could act as a specific marker in Hepatocellular carcinoma.}, Keywords = {Bioinformatics, Hepatocellular carcinoma, MicroRNA}, volume = {19}, Number = {12}, pages = {89-101}, publisher = {Arak University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4867-en.html}, eprint = {http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-4867-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-5338}, eissn = {2008-644X}, year = {2017} }