Extended Abstract

Introduction

oday, with the increasing number and variety of chronic diseases, the use of chemical drugs to control them has increased. However, the adverse effects of using chemical drugs, tolerance over time, high costs, and uncertainty of treatment have made the tendency to use medicinal plants. In addition to reducing treatment costs, these herbs have had satisfactory results in many societies which Rosa Canina L is one of these plants [2, 3].

Materials and Methods

The papers published in English and Persian were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Ovid, Magiran, and SID databases by using the following keywords: Rosa canina, Disease, Antioxidant plants, Osteoarthritis, Immune system, Reperfusion injury.

Results

This plant contains valuable properties such as antioxidant activity, rich vitamins (especially vitamin C), and phenolic compounds [10]. Its phenolic compounds are capable of having a wide range of biochemical characteristics, including antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties [11]. Furthermore, ascorbic acid, as the main water-soluble antioxidant within the body, has anticarcinogenic and other biological properties [12, 13]. Ascorbic acid has a significant regulatory function throughout the body because it is engaged in the synthesis of hormones, hormone-releasing factors, and neurotransmitters [15].

The protective effects of rose hip against ischemia-reperfusion induced renal functional and structural injuries that were confirmed in another animal study [23 ،4]. The hepatoprotective effects of Rosa canina fruit extract have been documented in a rat model of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity, too [03 ,92]. More interestingly, hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa canina fruit decreased both urinary calcium contents and the size and number of calcium oxalate calculi in the kidneys in a rat model of experimentally induced nephrolithiasis [34].

Discussion

This review article results show that Rosa canina is high in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties due to its valuable content of vitamin C, polyphenols, carotenoids. In addition, being native, inexpensive, affordable and, most importantly, low or with no side effects, has led the plant to be used as a new remedy in a large number of chronic diseases. The use of its aqueous extracts (in the form of demos and teas) has the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. In existing treatment protocols to improve or control the symptoms of many diseases such as disorders in liver, gastrointestinal tract, eyes, skin, and etc. Today, there is a need for deeper and wider research to revitalize the field of further understanding of the beneficial effects of this plant and its benefits, especially in the pharmaceutical aspects.

Ethical Considerations

Compliance with ethical guidelines

In this paper, the principles of publication ethics were considered.

Funding

This study received financial support from the Deputy for Research and Technology of Arak University of Medical Sciences.

Authors' contributions

Conceptualization, initial draft preparation, investigation, and editing: Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani, Majid Ramezani and Ali Zarei; Investigation and editing: Hosein Poorcheraghi, Seyed Mohammad Afzali, Parand Pirouzi, and Sina Atashi.

Conflicts of interest

The author declared no competing interests

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Deputy for Research and Technology of Arak University of Medical Sciences for their support.

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