Introduction
Concerning biological hours and psychological time, research shows that individuals can be classified into a bipolar circadian type from evening to morning [3]. Research has shown that in the morning type, mental health and well-being experience higher, but in the evening type, compared to the morning type, lower mental health, mood disorders, negative emotions, and destructive behaviors more health reports [6, 7, 8]. Research has shown that the evening type is associated with impaired sleep onset and maintenance, excessive drowsiness, non-invigorating sleep, and poor sleep quality [15]. Research has shown a link between circadian rhythm disorders and anxiety [20, 21]. One of the most severe cases of anxiety is the threat to human health and life. Currently, coronavirus is a great danger to human beings. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of circadian rhythms on sleep quality and corona anxiety.
Materials and Methods
This research is in the category of descriptive comparative analysis in terms of practical purpose and methodology. The statistical population of this study included all people aged 18 to 50 who participated in the survey online. All 700 people (436 females and 264 males) who completed the questionnaire online were selected for sampling. SPSS software version 25 and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Scheffe test were used for data analysis.
Results
Out of 700 people who participated in this study, 107 women (24.5) had morning rhythm, 65(14.9) had evening rhythm, and 264(60.6) had moderate rhythm; men 41(15.5) had morning rhythm, 75(28.4) had evening rhythm, and 148 (56.1) had moderate rhythm. To determine the difference between circadian rhythms and corona anxiety, the Scheffe post hoc test was used, and the results are presented in the Table 1.


The results show that the difference between the mean of type 1 (morning rhythm) and type 2 (evening rhythm) is more than other differences. Also, to determine a significant difference between sleep quality and which type s of circadian rhythms of sleep and wakefulness, the Scheffe post hoc test was used. The results are presented in the Table 2.


The results show that the difference between the mean of type 1 (morning rhythm) and type 2 (evening rhythm) is more than other differences.
Discussion
This study investigated the relationship between circadian rhythm, sleep quality, and corona anxiety. Findings indicate that the evening type has a lower sleep quality than the morning and middle type, and the morning type reports a higher quality of sleep than the other two types. These findings were consistent with the results of Karsiofo’s research [4]. Cardiff’s study of 591 students found that the morning type had more positive emotions and better sleep quality than the evening type. Another study finding indicates that the evening type experiences higher corona anxiety than the morning and middle type s. Our search for a study on the relationship between corona anxiety and the evening type has been unsuccessful; They found that the evening type, in addition to sleep problems, showed more anxiety than the morning type, which is consistent with this findings study.
The evening type experiences more poor sleep habits, circadian rhythm disturbances, sleep delay, and lack of sleep than the morning type, so they can be expected to respond to stressful stimuli. As the prevalence of the disease Quid-19 shows higher levels of anxiety compared to both morning and middle type s. Increased experience of anxiety and increased activity (HPA) in the evening type leads to increased cortisol in their body. Increased cortisol levels weaken their immune system and put them at risk during this period. Appropriate interventions seem necessary for evening type people who experience anxiety and poor sleep quality during this period.

Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
The present study has an ethics confirmation letter from Razi University Technology Units Development Center, Psychoanalytic Research Institute, No. 99133.

Funding
This research is the result of research work of doctoral students of Razi University.

Authors' contributions
The authors participated in the initial writing or revision of the article and took responsibility for the accuracy of the content.

Conflicts of interest
The authors state that the present study has no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgements
The authors consider it necessary to express their sincere gratitude for the cooperation of all those who helped us in this research.


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