Introduction
In modern life, emotional and social problems have taken the highest rank among mental illnesses. For this reason, one of the prominent and effective factors in children’s performance is their psychological factors, and significant psychological features which impact their academic performance and interpersonal relationships are their social and emotional competencies [1]. In this regard, the development of socioemotional characteristics has been extensively considered a profound component of children’s development and an urgent capacity to experience, control, and express emotions [2, 3] and establish close and secure interpersonal communication [3]. Understanding the underlying risk factors for a child’s behavioral problems may help with diagnosis, preventive treatment [4], and reducing some of their problems [5]. Therefore, the proposed study aimed to provide a causal model for predicting children’s psychosocial problems based on parenting styles emphasizing the mediating role of social support.
Materials and Methods
The proposed study was a cross-sectional analysis. The study population in this investigation includes parents (n=230) along with their children who had behavioral-emotional problems (cut-off number 10) [18]. The parents were referred to comprehensive health centers services of Pardis City, Iran, affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in the first six months of 2019. The mothers referred there with their children under 5 years [19]. The parents were selected by convenience sampling method. In this study, we used the Rutter behavior assessment form (parent form). The study children had problems in health (such as wetting pants, lack of stool control, and barking) and habits (i.e., eating and sleeping problems and theft). Three comprehensive health service centers (i.e., Boumhan Center, Pardis, and Jajroud) and 2 health centers in Pardis City in the northeast of Tehran and branches of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were used for sampling. Also, the measurement tools included a parenting styles questionnaire [20], social support questionnaire [23], and a socioemotional problems questionnaire [26]. Structural equation modeling with SmartPLS software and SPSS v. 23 were used for data analysis.
3. Results
The Mean±SD age of mothers was 32.87±7.87 years. Also, 60% of children were boys, and 40% were girls, with an Mean±SD age of 4.12±0.78 years (Table 1).


The Mean±SD scores of socioemotional problems, parenting styles, and social support were found to be 40.16±4.73, 152.23±18.10, and 34.66±6.49, respectively (Table 2).


Parenting styles had a significant role in predicting children’s socioemotional problems through social support (P<0.05). We obtained path coefficients between parenting styles with socioemotional problems (t=21.16, β=0.79), social support with socioemotional problems (t=3.37, β=3.20), and parenting styles with social support (t=59.64, β=-0.84). According to the results of parenting styles, it has a significant role in predicting children’s socioemotional problems through social support mediation (-0.848×-0.206=-0.174). Likewise, the indirect effect of parenting styles was obtained by multiplying standard coefficients of parenting styles with social support (-0.846) and social support with socioemotional problems (0.206), which was -0.174. To evaluate model reliability, composite reliability and Cronbach alpha were investigated. The Cronbach alpha coefficient indicates the ability of questions to properly explain their dimensions. Also, model fit indices through composite reliability, and Cronbach alpha showed a good model fit. The composite reliability and Cronbach alpha coefficient for all variables are higher than 0.7. Since the higher Cronbach alpha and the composite reliability of 0.7 indicate a good fit of the model. The results of the present study on these two criteria also confirm the appropriate fit.
Discussion 
This investigation indicates that socioemotional problems of children can be predicted based on parenting styles, also the direct and indirect effects of parenting styles on socioemotional problems are significant [28]. Our research shows that parenting components can significantly predict psychosocial problems [31, 32, 33]. It means that 18.8% of the variance for children’s socioemotional problems is explained by parenting styles [29, 30]. Their socioemotional problems were predic based on social support [30]. Also, the effect of the source of support for friends related to psychosocial problems was significant, and this component could explain 8.9% of the variance of psychosocial problems among children by social support [34]. They were predic based on social support [43]. Also, the effect of friends’ source of support related to psychosocial problems was significant, and this component could explain 8.9% of the variance for psychosocial problems among children by social support. The study’s results emphasize the critical role of early childhood life and the need to focus on support facilities for mother-child couples at this age. Accordingly, providing psychological and supportive interventions for mothers with high stress can lead to parental adjustment and mental health and, subsequently, their children’s normal growth. Because the relationship between parents and how they interact with children can affect the formation of children’s personality and behavior, the treatment of parents with their children is often based on the particular cultural pattern where they live [39]. The results of this study can be used to design care programs for families with children having emotional and social problems. Moreover, since parent-child relationships are influenced by their environment, the role of environmental factors, particularly the father’s support for mother and child, can significantly impact how the mother copes with the child’s behavioral problems.

Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This article has been approved and approved by Islamic Azad University, Research Sciences Unit, Tehran (Code: 99527).

Funding
This article was designed and implemented with the support of Research Sciences Unit, Islamic Azad University. This article is taken from the doctoral thesis of Azam Nazimi Harandi in the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University of Tehran.

Authors' contributions
Conceptualization, research method and sampling, data analysis, text writing: Azam Nazimi Harandi, Shadi Jazayeri; Research and sampling method, review: Hayde Saberi.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.


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