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Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent complaints of women which is due to Prostaglandin release and is treated by chemical drugs. Today regarding side effects of these drugs, scientists are increasingly moving toward using herbal drugs. This study is planned to comparison the effects of Thymus Vulgaris and Mefenamic acid on primary dysmenorrhea.
Materials and Methods: This is a clinical trial study. Target population was women suffering from primary dysmenorrhea and study population was women reffering to marriage consulting center. Based on α=0/5, β=0/20, sample size was calculated 214 which were divided into two groups randomly. Samples were asked to determine their pain severity before using the drug, by a visual scale (0-10cm). In the study group each sample cosumed 15 grams Thyme leaf brewed in a glass of water and in control group samples used 250mg Mefenamic acid capsules. Then pain severity was determined again 1, 2 and 3 hours after using drugs. Data was analysed by mean and standard deviation indexes and K-S, man-whitney and chi-square tests. Helsinki declaration was regarded at all stages of the research.
Results: Pain severity mean, before using the two drugs had no significant difference between groups. In each group, pain severity was significantly decreased before and after using the drug (p=0.05). But the rate of decreasing pain between the two groups showed no significant difference.
Conclusion: Regarding results, it seems both Mefenamic acid and Thymus Vulgaris decrease pain at the same level which seems to be due to Thyme,s antiprostaglandin and antispasmodic effects.

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Background: Nowadays, one of the basic problems of tuberculosis treatment is drug resistance. This study was done to determine the drug resistance of mycobacterium strains isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis to anti-tuberculosis drugs and determine the affecting factors. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, all patients with tuberculosis who were covered by Markazi Province Health Center (917 persons) during 2005 to 2010 were included in this study. For all patients with resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, culture and antibiogram by standard method (proportional) were done. Effective factors in drug resistance were identified by logistic regression model using SPSS software. Results: Overall, the rate of resistance in patients with smear-positive was 7.3% and the rate of MDR-TB was equivalent to 4.3%, and 0.5% of smear positive patients were resistant to all five drugs. The most resistant strains were isoniazid (68.8%), rifampin (62.5%), pyrazinamide (25%), ethambutol (21.9%), and streptomycin (21.9%), respectively. The highest rate of resistance was in the 15-45 years age group. The incidence of resistance was significantly associated with sex, grade of smear positivity, relapse of TB, and HIV infection. Conclusion: The study of drug resistant mycobacterium strains over six years showed a growing trend. Therefore, close attention to prevent the production and dissemination of resistant strains is very essential.

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Background: Familiarity with different methods and medications in anesthesia and producing sufficient depth of anesthesia are very important in anesthesia practice. Due to the central analgesic and sedative effect of lidocaine in the presence of the sufficient blood level, it can be used for general anesthesia. This study was carried out to compare the effect of halothane with lidocaine infusion on BIS during maintenance of anesthesia.

Materials and Methods: In this randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial, 66 patients scheduled for elective inguinal herniorrahaphy were randomized into two equal groups. For maintenance, one group received halothane (1%) with O2-N2O and another group received lidocaine infusion (100 &mug/kg/min). BIS was checked every 5 minutes for half an hour. Statistical analysis of data was done by Chi-square and T-test through SPSS software. P-values less than 0.05 were considered meaningful.

Results: Mean of BIS was 65.72 in the lidocaine group and 56.7 in the halothane group during the first 30 minutes. There was a significant statistical difference between the two groups (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Mean of BIS in lidocaine group was higher than that in the halothane group. If this indicates the presence of a light level of anesthesia, increasing the dose of hypnotics and opioids leads to an increase in the depth of anesthesia. However, since there is not any device for monitoring the effect of opioids on the central nervous system and the level of anesthesia, simultaneous monitoring of BIS and hemodynamic parameters seems to be a more reasonable idea.

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Background: The importance of maintaining and enhancing the quality of life in (tuberculosis TB) patients is essential. The purpose of this study was to use N - acetylcysteine to improve the quality of life in patients with tuberculosis.

Materials and Methods: This study is a double-blind clinical trial that performed on 88 patients on anti-TB treatment that aged over 50 years in the central province of Iran within 15 months. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and the Short Form Quality of life (SF12). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and t-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used. p less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: This study showed that the two groups before the intervention in different features were not significantly different, but in quality of life at the end of the first month. The intervention group compared with the control group in physical subscale score (p=0.0068) and psychological subscale scores (p=0.0284) and quality of life score (p=0.0112) were better. Also, our study showed that age of patients (p=0.0331), duration of disease (p=0.0416), and serum CRP mean (p= 0.0234) and type of tuberculosis (p=0.0372) were significantly related to total score of quality of life at the end of the first month in the intervention group.

Conclusion: According to this survey results we hoped to combine the use of adjuvant therapy with N-acetylcysteine and standard tuberculosis treatment improves quality of life and increase life expectancy of patients.

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Background: Treatment failure and relapse is a major problem in the treatment and control of brucellosis. The present study directed to determine risk factors for failure of treatment and relapse in patients treated for brucellosis.

Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive - analytic and prospective study and were conducted in 72 patients with acute brucellosis.Patients were followed up during treatment and for six months after completion of therapy, and patients with treatment failure or relapse were analyzed. All data analyzed using SPSS software and P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The mean value of age in patients was 40.2 ± 16.5 years. Treatment failures was 6.9% and the relapse at the end of the ninth month was 12.5% that recurrence of symptoms were associated with increased titers of serological tests and 80.6 percent had successful treatment. In this study gender of male (P = 0.026), occupational exposure (P = 0.005), delayed treatment in less than two weeks (P = 0.016), hepatosplenomegaly (P = 0.003), thrombocytopenia (P = 0.023), CRP &ge +2 (P = 0.017) and Wright &ge 1/320 and 2-ME &ge 1.160 at the end of the sixth week of treatment (P = 0.004 and P = 0.010) were risk factors of treatment failure and relapse in brucellosis.

Conclusion: The diagnosis and treatment of relapse and treatment failure in acute brucellosis is not clear, therefore, the prediction of relapse may be useful in preventing recurrence and treatment of patients.