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Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpurais an acquired disorder. Conventional treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpuraincludes prednisolone (1mg/kg/day). Customarily, steroidsareadministered for about 3-6 weeks however,steroids have several side effects. The aim of this study was to compare theefficacy of two and three-week prednisolone therapy in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 66 patients with confirmed immune thrombocytopenic purpurawho had referred to KhansariHospital, Arak, were randomly selected and administered prednisolone (1mg/kg/day) for two and three weeks alternatively. Patients’ platelet count and complications associated with the treatment (diabetes and hypertension) were compared. Results: At the end of the treatment course, there was not a significant difference in mean platelet count between the two groups (p=0.748). Side effects in two and three-week protocols were 15.2% and 18.2%, respectively however, distribution of the complications (side effect) in the two groups was equal (p=0.9). Conclusion: Considering the absence of significant differencesin mean platelet count between the two groups at the end of the two treatment protocols and the higherpercentageof side effects in the patients that had received the three-week prednisolone therapy protocol, it seems that the two-week course of immune thrombocytopenic purpuratreatment is as effective as the three-week protocol.

Keywords: Prednisolone, Immune thrombocytopenic purpura, Platelet

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