Background: Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is a reliable marker for ovarian reserve and fertility capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in AMH between physically active and non-active women.

Materials and Methods: Eighty two reproductive age women (18-50 years) participated (42 active and 40 non-active) in this cross-sectional study. Physical activity level was estimated via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Information on fertility parameters were obtained from medical records. Serum AMH was measured using ELISA assay.

Results: There was not a significant difference in mean age between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant difference between physically active and non-active women regarding basal concentration of serum exercise AMH (3.90±0.75 ng/ml versus 1.63±0.53 ng/ml, respectively) (P<0.03). Abortion rates differed significantly (P<0.05) between physically active (0.13±0.26) and non-active women (0.40±0.51).

Conclusion: These findings indicated that physical activity may improve fertility capacity in healthy women by maintaining AMH.