Volume 20, Issue 11 (2-2018)
J Arak Uni Med Sci 2018, 20(11): 1-12 |
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Parandin R, Yousofvand N. In Utero and Lactational Effects of Aqueous Foeniculum Vulgare (Fennel) Seed Extract on Puberty Timing, Estrus Cycle and Sexual Behavior in Mice. J Arak Uni Med Sci 2018; 20 (11) :1-12
URL: http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-5324-en.html
URL: http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-5324-en.html
1- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. , rahmatparandin@pnu.ac.ir
2- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Abstract: (4026 Views)
Abstract
Background: Several studies have shown that developmental exposure to phytoestrogens causes adverse effects on the reproductive functions. Fennel as a phytoestrogen plant has a rich history in household use and traditional medicine.So, the current study was designed to investigate the effects of in utero and neonatal exposure with fennel on the puberty onset, estrus cycle, reproductive organs and sexual behavior of their offspring.
Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0 (control), 100, 200 and 400 (mg/kg bw) aqueous fennel seed extract (AFSE), daily from day 7 of gestation to postnatal day (PND) 7.
Results: Vaginal opening (sign of puberty onset) was advanced in 200 (p<0.01) and 400 AFSE (p<0.001) treated females. A 30 days vaginal smear check indicated that 200 or 400 AFSE treated mice showed a prolonged estrus with decreased proestrus, estrus and metestrus stages and increased and diestrus stage and index. The ovary weight, number of corpora lutea and LH concentration decreased and uterus weight and estradiol concentration increased in the 200 or 400 treated mice in PND 70. 400 AFSE (p<0.01) treated females showed lordosis with a low lordosis quotient (LQ) when compared to the control group.
Conclusion: These results suggest that developmental exposure to AFSE, due to its estrogenic compounds, it may cause the precocious puberty, disrupted estrus cycle, altered weight of reproductive organs, hormonal imbalance and low lordosis behavior.
Background: Several studies have shown that developmental exposure to phytoestrogens causes adverse effects on the reproductive functions. Fennel as a phytoestrogen plant has a rich history in household use and traditional medicine.So, the current study was designed to investigate the effects of in utero and neonatal exposure with fennel on the puberty onset, estrus cycle, reproductive organs and sexual behavior of their offspring.
Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0 (control), 100, 200 and 400 (mg/kg bw) aqueous fennel seed extract (AFSE), daily from day 7 of gestation to postnatal day (PND) 7.
Results: Vaginal opening (sign of puberty onset) was advanced in 200 (p<0.01) and 400 AFSE (p<0.001) treated females. A 30 days vaginal smear check indicated that 200 or 400 AFSE treated mice showed a prolonged estrus with decreased proestrus, estrus and metestrus stages and increased and diestrus stage and index. The ovary weight, number of corpora lutea and LH concentration decreased and uterus weight and estradiol concentration increased in the 200 or 400 treated mice in PND 70. 400 AFSE (p<0.01) treated females showed lordosis with a low lordosis quotient (LQ) when compared to the control group.
Conclusion: These results suggest that developmental exposure to AFSE, due to its estrogenic compounds, it may cause the precocious puberty, disrupted estrus cycle, altered weight of reproductive organs, hormonal imbalance and low lordosis behavior.
Type of Study: Original Atricle |
Subject:
Basic Sciences
Received: 2017/09/19 | Accepted: 2018/01/7
Received: 2017/09/19 | Accepted: 2018/01/7
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