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Background: TTV is the first human circoviridae that was isolated from Japanese patients with unknown hepatitis in 1997. Since then, several studies have been done on different aspects of TTV pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of TTV in patients with chronic hepatitis using two different primer sets. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, blood samples from 240 patients with chronic hepatitis C at Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center were assessed in terms of the presence of TTV DNA in plasma through the nested polymerase chain reaction using two primer sets. Results: Of the 240 patients, TTV-DNA was detected in 220 (92%) patients with chronic hepatitis C using 5΄-UTR primer and in 12 (5%) patients using N22 primer. According to the demographic data, there was not a significant difference between male female patients in prevalence of TTV infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of TTV DNA in plasma samples from patients with chronic HCV by using 5΄-UTR primer was high and it was congruent with studies done in other countries however, N22 primer showed a lower prevalence of viral DNA in the samples. Overall, there was not a significant correlation between sex and the presence of viral DNA in patients. Controversial or high prevalence of this virus in HCV infected people necessitate further studies for determining the relationship between HCV and TTV infection.

Keywords: Hepatitis C virus, Prevalence, Shiraz, TTV

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