Background and Aim: The genus of Lactococcus lactis belonging to the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) group, is a gram-positive, faculative anaerobic, non-spore-forming, and non-motile bacterium. The present study aimed to introduce LAB, especially non-pathogenic, non-invasive, and safe Lactococcus lactis. Accordingly, we examined the previous studies concerning the advantages, limitations, promotion methods, and future prospects of oral vaccines based on this bacterium. This is because it is a potentially promising strategy for the vaccine production and prevention of some infectious diseases.
Methods & Materials: In this review article, 62 studies related to Lactococcus lactis and its application in producing oral vaccines were collected through searching databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus published from 1981 to 2020.
Ethical Considerations This article was approved by the Ethical Research Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the number 1396/99.
Results: Lactococcus lactis, as a safe microorganism, is widely used in the food industry. Live recombinant Lactococcus lactis as a "biologic drug" is orally administered as one of the live vaccines expressing viral and bacterial antigens.
Conclusion: Recombinant Lactococcus-based vector can be suitable substitutes for live attenuated vaccines. Moreover, it can be a safe and food-grade host for manufacturing the desired products of human consumption over other systems. It also presents a high potential for vaccine delivery, especially through mucosal methods to prevent or treat certain diseases.
Type of Study:
Review Article |
Subject:
Basic Sciences Received: 2020/02/26 | Accepted: 2020/08/12